• Colorectal cancer
• Iodine 125 seeds
• Laparoscopic surgery
• Port-site metastasis
• Trocar-site metastasis

• Humans
• Adenocarcinoma/radiotherapy
• Adenocarcinoma/secondary
• Adenocarcinoma/complications
• Adenocarcinoma/pathology
• Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/radiotherapy
• Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/secondary
• Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/pathology
• Brachytherapy/adverse effects
• Brachytherapy/methods
• Colorectal Neoplasms/radiotherapy
• Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology
• Colorectal Neoplasms/complications
• Iodine Radioisotopes/therapeutic use
• Iodine Radioisotopes/adverse effects
• Neoplasm Seeding
• Palliative Care/methods

• colorectal cancer
• laparoscopic surgery
• lymph node metastasis
• oncological surgery
• open surgery

The aim of this study is to compare the long-term outcomes of three-port laparoscopic right hemicolectomy (TPLRC) and five-port laparoscopic right hemicolectomy (FPLRC) with retrospective analysis.

A total of 182 patients who accepted laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with either three ports (86 patients) or five ports (96 patients) from January 2012 to June 2017 were non-randomly selected and analyzed retrospectively.

More lymph nodes were harvested in the TPLRC group than in the FPLRC group [17.5 (7), 14 (8) ml, p < 0.001]. There was less blood loss in the TPLRC group [50 (80) vs. 100 (125) ml, p = 0.015]. There were no significant differences in the other short-term or oncological outcomes between the two groups. The overall survival and disease-free survival were equivalent.

TPLRC is recommendable as it guarantees short- and long-term equivalent outcomes compared with FPLRC.

• colon cancer
• five-port laparoscopic right hemicolectomy
• laparoscopy
• longterm outcomes
• three-port laparoscopic assisted colectomy
• three-port laparoscopic right hemicolectomy

• Colorectal cancer
• Laparoscopy
• Natural orifice specimen extraction
• Stapler anvil
• Trans-rectal specimen extraction

• Blood Loss, Surgical/statistics & numerical data
• Humans
• Laparoscopy/methods
• Length of Stay
• Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery/adverse effects
• Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery/methods
• Operative Time
• Postoperative Complications/epidemiology
• Prospective Studies
• Rectal Neoplasms/surgery
• Sigmoid Neoplasms/surgery
• Treatment Outcome

• colorectal cancer
• laparoscopic surgery
• randomized controlled trial
• robotic surgery
• single-port surgery
• total mesorectal excision

• Colorectal metastases
• Portal branch ligation
• Temsirolimus
• mTOR inhibitor

• Animals
• Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
• Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
• Apoptosis
• Cell Line, Tumor
• Cell Proliferation
• Colorectal Neoplasms/secondary
• Colorectal Neoplasms/therapy
• Female
• Ligation
• Liver Neoplasms/pathology
• Liver Neoplasms/therapy
• Liver Regeneration
• Mice, Inbred BALB C
• Neoplasm Invasiveness
• Neovascularization, Pathologic/prevention & control
• Portal Vein/surgery
• Sirolimus/analogs & derivatives
• Sirolimus/pharmacology
• Sirolimus/therapeutic use
• Tumor Burden
• Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

• colon cancer
• laparoscopy
• minimally invasive surgery
• natural-orifice specimen extraction
• rectal cancer
• robotic surgery
• transanal total mesorectal excision

In many clinical studies, laparoscopic surgery (LS) for colon cancer has been shown to be less invasive than open surgery (OS) while maintaining similar safety. Furthermore, there are no significant differences between LS and OS in long-term outcomes. Thus, LS has been accepted as one of the standard treatments for colon cancer. In the treatments of rectal cancer as well, LS has achieved favorable outcomes, with many reports showing long-term outcomes comparable to those of OS. Furthermore, the magnification in laparoscopy improves visualization in the pelvic cavity and facilitates precise manipulation, as well as providing excellent educational effects. For these reasons, rectal cancer has seemed to be well indicated for LS, as has been colon cancer. The indication for LS in the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer, which is relatively unresectable (e.g., cancer invading other organs), remains an open issue. In recent years, new techniques such as single-port and robotic surgery have begun to be introduced for LS. Presently, various clinical studies in our country as well as in most Western countries have demonstrated that LS, with these new techniques, are gradually showing long-term outcomes.

• Laparoscopic surgery
• Colorectal cancer
• Colectomy
• Total mesorectal excision
• Randomized controlled trial
• Robotic surgery
• Single-port surgery

• adoption
• enhanced recovery
• laparoscopy

• Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis
• Adenocarcinoma/surgery
• Biopsy, Fine-Needle
• Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic/adverse effects
• Cholecystitis/surgery
• Female
• Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/diagnosis
• Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/surgery
• Humans
• Laparoscopy/adverse effects
• Middle Aged
• Neoplasm Metastasis
• Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/diagnosis
• Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/surgery
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed

• Groin
• Inguinal
• Lymphadenectomy
• Metastasis
• Video-assisted

Different complications may occur at laparoscopic port sites. The incidence of these varies with the size of the ports and the types of procedure performed through them.

The aim was to observe the rate and types of complications attending laparoscopic port wounds and to identify risk factors for their occurrence.

This is a prospective descriptive study of all patients who had laparoscopic operations in one general surgery unit of a University Teaching Hospital in Nigeria between January 2009 and December 2012.

A total of 236 (155 female and 81 male) patients were included. The laparoscopic procedures include 63 cholecystectomies, 49 appendectomies, 62 diagnostic, biopsy and staging procedures, 22 adhesiolyses, six colonic surgeries, eight hernia repairs and 22 others. Port site complications occurred in 18 (2.8%) ports on 16 (6.8%) patients including port site infections in 12 (5.1%) and hypertrophic scars in 4 (1.7%) patients, while one patient each had port site bleeding and port site metastasis. Nine of 11 infections were superficial, while eight involved the umbilical port wound.

Port site complications are few following laparoscopic surgeries in our setting. We advocate increased adoption of laparoscopic surgeries in Nigeria to reduce wound complications that commonly follow conventional open surgeries.

• Laparoscopy
• Nigeria
• wound complications

Despite established evidence on the advantages of laparoscopy in colon cancer resection, the use of laparoscopy for rectal cancer resection is still controversial. The initial concern was mainly regarding the feasibility of laparoscopy to achieve an adequate total mesorectal excision specimen. These concerns have been raised following early studies demonstrating higher rates of circumferential margins positivity following laparoscopic resection, as compared to open surgery. Similar to colon resection, patients undergoing laparoscopic rectal cancer resection are expected to benefit from a shorter length of hospital stay, less analgesic requirements, and a faster recovery of bowel function. In the past decade there have been an increasing number of large scale clinical trials investigating the oncological and perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic rectal cancer resection. In this review we summarize the current literature available on laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery.

• Rectal cancer
• Laparoscopy
• Open resection
• Review
• Comparison
• Outcomes
• Laparoscopic resection of gastrointestinal

• Digestive System Surgical Procedures/adverse effects
• Digestive System Surgical Procedures/methods
• Humans
• Laparoscopy/adverse effects
• Neoplasm, Residual
• Postoperative Complications/etiology
• Rectal Neoplasms/pathology
• Rectal Neoplasms/surgery
• Risk Factors
• Treatment Outcome

The term “robot” was coined by the Czech playright Karel Capek in 1921 in his play Rossom's Universal Robots. The word “robot” is from the check word robota which means forced labor. The era of robots in surgery commenced in 1994 when the first AESOP (voice controlled camera holder) prototype robot was used clinically in 1993 and then marketed as the first surgical robot ever in 1994 by the US FDA. Since then many robot prototypes like the Endoassist (Armstrong Healthcare Ltd., High Wycombe, Buck, UK), FIPS endoarm (Karlsruhe Research Center, Karlsruhe, Germany) have been developed to add to the functions of the robot and try and increase its utility. Integrated Surgical Systems (now Intuitive Surgery, Inc.) redesigned the SRI Green Telepresence Surgery system and created the daVinci Surgical System^® classified as a master-slave surgical system. It uses true 3-D visualization and EndoWrist^®. It was approved by FDA in July 2000 for general laparoscopic surgery, in November 2002 for mitral valve repair surgery. The da Vinci robot is currently being used in various fields such as urology, general surgery, gynecology, cardio-thoracic, pediatric and ENT surgery. It provides several advantages to conventional laparoscopy such as 3D vision, motion scaling, intuitive movements, visual immersion and tremor filtration. The advent of robotics has increased the use of minimally invasive surgery among laparoscopically naïve surgeons and expanded the repertoire of experienced surgeons to include more advanced and complex reconstructions.

• Robotic surgery
• da Vinci surgery

The precise role of laparoscopic liver resection in liver malignancies remains controversial despite an increasing number of publications that have used the laparoscopic resection of benign liver tumors. This study was performed to assess the feasibility, safety, and outcome of laparoscopic liver resection for malignant liver tumors.

This study is a retrospective review of the profiles, pathology, surgery and outcome performed on 61 patients who had undergone laparoscopic liver resection for liver malignancies between January 2004 and March 2011.

Among the 61 patients, 34 patients had hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 24 patients had liver metastasis. The mean tumor size was 2.8 ± 2.0 cm (mean ± standard deviation). Tumors located at Couinaud segment number 2 to 8. The resection included 36 anatomical resections, 25 wedge resections. The mean surgical time was 209.7 ± 108.9 minutes. There was one operation that resulted in death. Postoperative complications occurred in 9 patients (14%). There were 2 conversions to laparotomy (3%). The mean postoperative hospital stay was 9.0 ± 4.4 days. Blood transfusion was needed in 11 patients (18%). The mean surgical margin was 1.3 ± 1.2 cm. The mean follow-up period was 18.1 ± 11.1 months. The three-year overall survival rate was 87% for patients with HCC and 95% for patients having liver metastases from colorectal cancer.

Even though laparoscopic liver resection requires a learning curve, it produced acceptable outcomes even in patients who had a malignant liver tumor. This study provides evidence to support further investigation and the establishment of laparoscopic liver resection for malignant liver tumors.

• Hepatectomy
• Laparoscopy
• Liver neoplasms

• Aged, 80 and over
• Anastomotic Leak/etiology
• Anastomotic Leak/surgery
• Cholecystectomy/adverse effects
• Cholelithiasis/surgery
• Colectomy/adverse effects
• Colonic Neoplasms/surgery
• Cystic Duct/surgery
• Fatal Outcome
• Female
• Humans
• Laparoscopy/adverse effects
• Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnosis

Metastasis to the abdominal wall including port sites after laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer is rare. Resection of metastatic lesions may lead to greater survival benefit if the abdominal wall metastasis is the only manifestation of recurrent disease. A 57-year-old man, who underwent laparoscopic surgery for advanced mucinous adenocarcinoma of the cecum 6 years prior, developed a nodule in the surgical wound at the lower right abdomen. Although tumor markers were within normal limits, the metastasis to the abdominal wall and abdominal cavity from the previous cecal cancer was suspected. An abdominal computed tomography scan did not provide detective evidence of metastasis. ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission/computed tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT) was therefore performed, which demonstrated increased ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake (maximum standardized uptake value: 3.1) in the small abdominal wall nodule alone. Histopathological examination of the resected nodule confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma. Prognosis of intestinal mucinous adenocarcinoma is reported to be poorer than that of non-mucinous adenocarcinoma. In conclusion, this case suggests an important role of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in early diagnosis and decision-making regarding therapy for recurrent disease in cases where a firm diagnosis of recurrent colorectal cancer is difficult to make.

Conventional hepatectomy is an effective way to treat hepatocellular carcinoma. However, it is invasive and stressful. The use of laparoscopy in hepatectomy, while technically demanding, reduces surgical invasiveness and stressfulness but still achieves complete resection with adequate margins. Compared with conventional hepatectomy, laparoscopic hepatectomy provides a better chance and situation for further surgery in the case of recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Even aged patients can successfully endure repeated hepatectomy using laparoscopy, as shown in the present report. This report presents a case of repeated laparoscopic hepatectomy treating hepatocellular carcinoma and its recurrence in an aged patient having cirrhosis, a disease causing extra difficulty for performing laparoscopic hepatectomy. The report also describes techniques of the operation and displays characteristic results of laparoscopic hepatectomy such as smaller wounds, less blood loss, less pain, less scars and adhesion, shorter postoperative hospital stay, and faster recovery.

• Hepatocellular carcinoma
• Laparoscopic resection
• Recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma
• Elderly
• Hepatectomy

• Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery
• Humans
• Laparoscopy/adverse effects
• Laparoscopy/methods
• Neoplasm Metastasis/prevention & control
• Neoplasm Seeding
• Surgical Tape
• Wound Healing

• Adult
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Carcinoma/mortality
• Carcinoma/pathology
• Carcinoma/surgery
• Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic
• Female
• Gallbladder Neoplasms/mortality
• Gallbladder Neoplasms/pathology
• Gallbladder Neoplasms/surgery
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Survival Rate

• Adrenalectomy/methods
• Appendectomy/methods
• Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic/history
• Gastroesophageal Reflux/surgery
• Herniorrhaphy
• History, 20th Century
• History, 21st Century
• Humans
• Laparoscopy/history
• Neoplasms/surgery

• Colon/surgery
• Colonic Neoplasms/surgery
• Humans
• Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/surgery
• Laparoscopes
• Laparoscopy/methods

• Aged
• Biopsy
• Carcinoma, Renal Cell/diagnostic imaging
• Carcinoma, Renal Cell/secondary
• Carcinoma, Renal Cell/surgery
• Humans
• Kidney Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
• Kidney Neoplasms/pathology
• Kidney Neoplasms/surgery
• Laparoscopy/adverse effects
• Male
• Neoplasm Seeding
• Nephrectomy/adverse effects
• Nephrectomy/methods
• Peritoneal Neoplasms/etiology
• Peritoneal Neoplasms/secondary
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed

• Cell Adhesion/drug effects
• Cell Adhesion/physiology
• Cell Line, Tumor
• Cells, Cultured
• Colchicine/pharmacology
• Colon/cytology
• Colon/drug effects
• Colon/pathology
• Colon/physiology
• Colonic Neoplasms/pathology
• Colonic Neoplasms/physiopathology
• Cytochalasin D/pharmacology
• Cytoskeleton/physiology
• Dimethyl Sulfoxide/pharmacology
• Humans
• Integrins/physiology
• Models, Biological
• Paclitaxel/pharmacology
• Phalloidine/pharmacology
• Pressure
• Signal Transduction

• R01 DK60771 NIDDK NIH HHS

• Adenocarcinoma/metabolism
• Adenocarcinoma/pathology
• Adenocarcinoma/surgery
• Carbon Dioxide/metabolism
• Colonic Neoplasms/metabolism
• Colonic Neoplasms/pathology
• Colonic Neoplasms/surgery
• Helium/metabolism
• Humans
• Laparoscopy/adverse effects
• Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/metabolism
• Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism
• Neoplasm Invasiveness/pathology
• Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial
• Tumor Cells, Cultured
• Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator/antagonists & inhibitors
• Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator/metabolism

• Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology
• Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery
• Hepatectomy/methods
• Humans
• Laparoscopy
• Liver Neoplasms/secondary
• Liver Neoplasms/surgery

• Attitude of Health Personnel
• Clinical Competence
• Colorectal Surgery/psychology
• Digestive System Surgical Procedures/education
• Digestive System Surgical Procedures/trends
• Humans
• Laparoscopy/trends
• Practice Patterns, Physicians'/trends
• Societies, Medical
• Surveys and Questionnaires
• United Kingdom