Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in cancer: Reported apparent diffusion coefficients, in-vitro and in-vivo reproducibility

Table 7 Estimates of apparent diffusion coefficient values reported in human Uterus (endometrium, myometrium and cervix) using a mono-exponential fit

Ref.	System	Field strength (T)	Sequence	TR/TE (ms/ms)	No. of patients/mean age (SD)	b-values (s/mm2)	Mean ADC (SD) (× 10-3 mm2/s)
Naganawa et al[99], 2005	Siemens Symphony	1.5	SS SE EPI	2500/96	10/46.6	0, 300, 600	Cervix, 1.79 (0.24)
Tamai et al[88], 2007	Siemens Symphony	1.5	SS SE EPI, FS	4400/(74-99)	12/49	0, 500, 100	Endometrium, 1.53 (0.10)
Zhang et al[176], 2007	Philips Intera	1.5	SS SE EPI	6800/70	(9 + 7V)/34 median	0, 800	Cervix, 1.71 (0.14)
McVeigh et al[91], 2008	GE Signa	1.5	SS SE EPI	4000/68	30/47	0, 600	Cervix n = 26, 2.09 (0.46)
Shen et al[92], 2008	GE Excite	1.5	SS SE EPI	8000/83	7/45.2	0, 500, 800, 1000	Endometrium, 1.277 (0.219)
Fujii et al[177], 2008	Siemens Symphony	1.5	SS SE EPI, STIR FS, FB	(9500-9800)/(73-78)	26/53	0, 1000	Endometrium n = 25, 1.44 (0.34)
Tamai et al[89], 2008	Siemens Symphony	1.5	SS SE EPI, FS	(2700-4400)/(78-90)	43/48	0, 500, 1000	Myometrium, 1.62 (0.11)
Inada et al[178], 2009	GE Signa	1.5	SS SE EPI, FB	(3400-7500)/68	31/44.9 (12.7)	0, 800	Endometrium, 1.52 (0.20)
							Myometrium, 1.53 (0.25)
Liu et al[179], 2009	GE Excite	1.5	SS EPI	4000/58.5	57	0, 1000	Cervix, 1.50 (0.16)
Payne et al[180], 2010	Philips Intera	1.5	SS SE EPI	4500/80	62/38	0, 100, 300, 500, 800	Cervix n = 43, 1.769 (0.239)
Chen et al[98], 2010	Philips Intera	1.5	SS SE EPI, STIR FS	6800/70	20/34.4	0, 800	Cervix, 1.593 (0.151)
Cao et al[87], 2012	GE Signa	1.5	SS SE EPI, FB	NR/NR	64/55.4	0, 1000	Endometrium, 1.267 (0.221)
							Myometrium, 1.496 (0.196)
							Junctional zone, 1.126 (0.190)
Kuang et al[90], 2013	Siemens Trio	3.0	SS SE EPI, FS	AX: 7000/71,	67	(1) 0, 600	Cervix, (1) 1.55 (0.28)
				SAG: 1800/76		(2) 0, 1000	(2) 1.41 (0.10)

Some studies were carried out with more b-values than specified in the following table to compute intravoxel incoherent motion-specific parameters. ADC: Apparent diffusion coefficient; NR: Not reported; SS: Single shot; SE: Spin echo; EPI: Echo planar imaging; RF: Radiofrequency; RT: Respiratory triggered; NC: Navigator controlled; FB: Free breathing; BH: Breath-hold; BHI: Breath-hold end inspiratory; BHE: Breath-hold end expiratory; n: Number of patients; STIR: Short TI inversion recovery; FS: Fat suppression; NA: Not available; AX: Axial; SAG: Sagittal; W: Week; V: Volunteer.