Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in management of bladder cancer, particularly with multimodal bladder-sparing strategy

Figure 5 Magnetic resonance images of a 75-year-old man with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (urothelial cancer, stage cT4, grade 3). A and B: T2WI shows a large hypointense tumor at the bladder neck, invading the prostate; C: DW-MRI displays the tumor as a high-signal mass; D: The corresponding ADC map demonstrates restricted diffusion. The mean ADC value of the tumor is 0.63 x 10^-3 mm²/s. DW-MRI: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging; ADC: Apparent diffusion coefficient.