Lizarraga KJ, Gorgulho A, Chen W, De Salles AA. Molecular imaging of movement disorders. World J Radiol 2016; 8(3): 226-239 [PMID: 27029029 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v8.i3.226]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Karlo J Lizarraga, MD, MS, Department of Neurology, Jackson Memorial Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 N.W. 14th Street, Suite 1383, Miami, FL 33136, United States. klizarraga@med.miami.edu
Research Domain of This Article
Neuroimaging
Article-Type of This Article
Review
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Radiol. Mar 28, 2016; 8(3): 226-239 Published online Mar 28, 2016. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v8.i3.226
Molecular imaging of movement disorders
Karlo J Lizarraga, Alessandra Gorgulho, Wei Chen, Antonio A De Salles
Karlo J Lizarraga, Department of Neurology, Jackson Memorial Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States
Alessandra Gorgulho, Antonio A De Salles, Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
Wei Chen, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
Author contributions: Lizarraga KJ conceptualized and designed the manuscript, reviewed the literature and drafted all article versions; Gorgulho A, Chen W and De Salles AA interpreted data and critically revised all manuscript versions; all authors approved the final version of the article to be published.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no potential conflict of interest for this review.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Karlo J Lizarraga, MD, MS, Department of Neurology, Jackson Memorial Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 N.W. 14th Street, Suite 1383, Miami, FL 33136, United States. klizarraga@med.miami.edu
Telephone: +1-305-2432742 Fax: +1-305-2438108
Received: September 30, 2015 Peer-review started: October 3, 2015 First decision: November 4, 2015 Revised: November 19, 2015 Accepted: January 5, 2016 Article in press: January 7, 2016 Published online: March 28, 2016
Core Tip
Core tip: By evaluating changes in regional brain perfusion, glucose metabolism and neurotransmitter systems, molecular imaging has shed light onto the etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, progression and therapeutic options of movement disorders, including the identification and individualization of potential neuromodulation targets. Continuing progress in the design of positron emission tomography and single photon emission computerized tomography systems, such as new detector materials and image reconstruction algorithms, higher performance technology, and improved availability will contribute to a wider range of applications. In particular, the combined use of genetic therapy and molecular imaging could provide opportunities for the design and evaluation of novel therapies at early stages of the disease.
