Mazaheri Y, Akin O, Hricak H. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of prostate cancer: A review of current methods and applications. World J Radiol 2017; 9(12): 416-425 [PMID: 29354207 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v9.i12.416]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Yousef Mazaheri, PhD, Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United States. mazahery@mskcc.org
Research Domain of This Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Article-Type of This Article
Review
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Radiol. Dec 28, 2017; 9(12): 416-425 Published online Dec 28, 2017. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v9.i12.416
Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of prostate cancer: A review of current methods and applications
Yousef Mazaheri, Oguz Akin, Hedvig Hricak
Yousef Mazaheri, Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, United States
Oguz Akin, Hedvig Hricak, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, United States
Author contributions: All authors are the guarantors of integrity of entire study; Mazaheri Y designed the study; Mazaheri Y and Akin O performed data analysis/interpretation; Mazaheri Y and Akin O performed the literature research; all authors contributed to manuscript drafting or manuscript revision for important intellectual content; all authors gave manuscript final version approval and manuscript editing; all authors take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
Conflict-of-interest statement: This manuscript is not published anywhere else; all authors conform that there is no conflict of interests (including none for related to commercial, personal, political, intellectual, or religious interests).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Yousef Mazaheri, PhD, Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, United States. mazahery@mskcc.org
Telephone: +1-646-8884520 Fax: +1-646-8885139
Received: May 17, 2017 Peer-review started: May 19, 2017 First decision: July 3, 2017 Revised: August 3, 2017 Accepted: October 17, 2017 Article in press: October 17, 2017 Published online: December 28, 2017
Abstract
In many areas of oncology, dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) has proven to be a clinically useful, non-invasive functional imaging technique to quantify tumor vasculature and tumor perfusion characteristics. Tumor angiogenesis is an essential process for tumor growth, proliferation, and metastasis. Malignant lesions demonstrate rapid extravasation of contrast from the intravascular space to the capillary bed due to leaky capillaries associated with tumor neovascularity. DCE-MRI has the potential to provide information regarding blood flow, areas of hypoperfusion, and variations in endothelial permeability and microvessel density to aid treatment selection, enable frequent monitoring during treatment and assess response to targeted therapy following treatment. This review will discuss the current status of DCE-MRI in cancer imaging, with a focus on its use in imaging prostate malignancies as well as weaknesses that limit its widespread clinical use. The latest techniques for quantification of DCE-MRI parameters will be reviewed and compared.
Core tip: Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) of prostate cancer can characterize tissue vascularity with important clinical application including aid in the detection, localization and staging, assessment of tumor aggressiveness, and assessment of treatment response. The current lack of standardized acquisition and analysis methods should be addressed to encourage more wide spread use of DCE-MRI in prostate cancer imaging.
