Copyright
©The Author(s) 2017. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Cardiol. Mar 26, 2017; 9(3): 289-295
Published online Mar 26, 2017. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v9.i3.289
Published online Mar 26, 2017. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v9.i3.289
Importance of a second spasm provocation test: Four cases with an initial negative spasm provocation test
Hiroki Teragawa, Yuichi Fujii, Yuko Uchimura, Tomohiro Ueda, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, JR Hiroshima Hospital, Higashi-ku, Hiroshima 732-0057, Japan
Author contributions: Teragawa H wrote the manuscript; Fujii Y, Uchimura Y and Ueda T collected and evaluated the data.
Institutional review board statement: This case report was exempt from the Institutional Review Board standards at JR Hiroshima Hospital.
Informed consent statement: The patients involved in this study gave written informed consent authorizing use and disclosure of their protected health information.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Hiroki Teragawa, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, JR Hiroshima Hospital, 3-1-36 Futabanosato, Higashi-ku, Hiroshima 732-0057, Japan. hiroteraga71@gmail.com
Telephone: +81-82-2621171 Fax: +81-82-2621499
Received: August 28, 2016
Peer-review started: August 30, 2016
First decision: September 27, 2016
Revised: October 28, 2016
Accepted: January 11, 2017
Article in press: January 14, 2017
Published online: March 26, 2017
Peer-review started: August 30, 2016
First decision: September 27, 2016
Revised: October 28, 2016
Accepted: January 11, 2017
Article in press: January 14, 2017
Published online: March 26, 2017
Core Tip
Core tip: The spasm provocation test (SPT) is an important examination when diagnosing vasospastic angina (VSA). In general, if the SPT is negative, VSA is considered not present. However, we encountered four patients who underwent a second SPT although the first SPT was negative. In these patients, some show a positive second SPT result. SPT is not a perfect examination, and in the clinical setting, the diagnosis of VSA should be made with the consideration of their clinical symptoms and examinations.