Copyright
©2010 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved.
World J Biol Chem. Nov 26, 2010; 1(11): 327-337
Published online Nov 26, 2010. doi: 10.4331/wjbc.v1.i11.327
Published online Nov 26, 2010. doi: 10.4331/wjbc.v1.i11.327
Role of sphingosine 1-phosphate in anti-atherogenic actions of high-density lipoprotein
Koichi Sato, Fumikazu Okajima, Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi 371-8512, Japan
Author contributions: Sato K and Okajima F wrote the manuscript.
Supported by Grants-in-Aid for scientific research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, No. 20015008, 20054003, and 21390016
Correspondence to: Fumikazu Okajima, PhD, Professor, Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi 371-8512, Japan. fokajima@showa.gunma-u.ac.jp
Telephone: +81-27-2208850 Fax: +81-27-2208895
Received: July 20, 2010
Revised: August 31, 2010
Accepted: September 7, 2010
Published online: November 26, 2010
Revised: August 31, 2010
Accepted: September 7, 2010
Published online: November 26, 2010
Abstract
The reverse cholesterol transport mediated by high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is an important mechanism for maintaining body cholesterol, and hence, the crucial anti-atherogenic action of the lipoprotein. Recent studies, however, have shown that HDL exerts a variety of anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic actions independently of cholesterol metabolism. The present review provides an overview of the roles of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)/S1P receptor and apolipoprotein A-I/scavenger receptor class B type I systems in the anti-atherogenic HDL actions. In addition, the physiological significance of the existence of S1P in the HDL particles is discussed.
Keywords: High-density lipoprotein, Sphingosine 1-phosphate, Scavenger receptor class B type I, Anti-atherogenic actions