Rectal granular cell tumor treated by endoscopic resection: A case report and review of literature

Table 1 Summary of reported cases of rectal granular cell tumors

Ref.	Age/sex	Presentation(s)	Size (mm)	IHC markers (positive)	IHC markers (negative)	Treatment
Wei et al[30]1	NR	Abdominal discomfort, anal heaviness, hematochezia	NR	S-100, CD68, NSE, vimentin	CD117, Dog-1, CD34, SMA, CgA, EMA, CK	Endoscopic resection
Lin et al[31]	56/F	Constipation	6	NSE, nestin, CD68, S-100; Ki-67 < 1%	CK, Cam5.2, CD34, CD117, CgA, CDX2, p53	ESD
Lin et al[31]	66/M	Asymptomatic	7	NSE, nestin, CD68, S-100; Ki-67 < 1%	CK, Cam5.2, CD34, CD117, CgA, CDX2, p53	ESD
Lin et al[31]	47/M	Diarrhea	9	NSE, nestin, CD68, S-100; Ki-67 < 1%	CK, Cam5.2, CD34, CD117, CgA, CDX2, p53	ESD
Li et al[18]	50/M	Altered bowel habits	8	S100, CD68, TFE3	α-inhibin, Dog-1,	ESD
Wu et al[32]	48/M	NR	4.5	CD68, S-100	CKp, Desmin, SMA, CD117, CD34, Dog1, α-inhibin	ESD
Wang et al[33]	NR	NR	NR	CD68, S-100, NSE; Ki-67 < 1%	CK, CD34, SMA, GFAP, NF	NR
Shi and Li[34]	56/M	Asymptomatic	9	Vimentin, S100, Nestin, NSE, Ki-67 1%-2%	CD117, SYN, CD34, CD163, HMB45	EMR
Shi and Li[34]	50/M	Asymptomatic	7	Vimentin, S100, Nestin, NSE, Ki-67 1%-2%	CD117, SYN, CD34, CD163, HMB45	EMR
Yang et al[35]	51/M	Asymptomatic	20	S100		Endoscopic operation
Lee and Kim[36]	47/M	Asymptomatic	10	S100		Endoscopic resection
Sunkara et al[37]	61/M	Asymptomatic	4	S100		CPS
Nakachi et al[38]	47/F	Altered bowel habits	8	S100, NSE	Desmin, vimentin	Radical low anterior resection of rectum
Sunderland et al[39]	56/M	Anal pain	45	CD68, inhibin A, SOX-10, S11	SMA, desmin, CD117, EMA	Laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection with perineum reconstruction
Nakanome et al[40]	60/M	Fecal occult blood positive	8	S100, NSE	chromogranin, synaptophysin, c-kit, CD34	Endoscopic resection
Spinzi et al[41]	47/NR	Hematochezia	NR	NR		NR
Okano et al[42]	67/M	Fecal occult blood positive	8	S100		Electrosurgical snare polypectomy
Na et al[6]	51/M		> 1	S100, CD68, α-inhibin, Calretinin, CD57, CD56, SYP, NSE, Nestin, SOX10, Ki-67 < 1%	CDX2(-), p53(-), CD163(-),	EMR
Na et al[6]	42/M		2	S100, CD68, CD163, Calretinin, CD56, SYP, NSE, Nestin, SOX10, p53, Ki-67 < 1%	CDX2, α-inhibin, CD57	EMR
Shaheen et al[43]	13/M	NR	10	NR	NR	NR
Lack et al[2]1	NR	NR	8-14	NR	NR	NR
Johnston and Helwig[9]	33/M	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
Johnston and Helwig[9]	32/M	Rectal bleeding	NR	NR	NR	NR
Johnston and Helwig[9]	39/M	Rectal discomfort	NR	NR	NR	NR
Johnston and Helwig[9]	43/M	Diarrhea	NR	NR	NR	NR
Johnston and Helwig[9]	22/NR	Asymptomatic	NR	NR	NR	NR
Johnston and Helwig[9]	42/M	Asymptomatic	NR	NR	NR	NR
Johnston and Helwig[9]	38/F	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
Johnston and Helwig[9]	43/F	Asymptomatic	NR	NR	NR	NR
Johnston and Helwig[9]	52/F	Asymptomatic	NR	NR	NR	NR
Cohen and Cramm[44]	55/M	Asymptomatic	20	NR	NR	Removed via the transrectal approach
Parfitt et al[45]	45/M	NR	NR	S-100	CD117, CD34, desmin	NR
Take et al[23]	49/M	NR	8	S-100	CD117, CD34, desmin	ESD
Sevilla Ribota et al[46]	59/M	NR	NR	S-100	NR	NR
Qi et al[47]	52/M	NR	9	NR	NR	Endoscopic resection
Kim et al[48]	49/M	NR	7	NR	NR	Endoscopic resection
Payne-James et al[49]	39/F	Asymptomatic	5	NR	NR	excision biopsy

¹These two studies reported 5 and 3 rectal granular cell tumors separately. IHC: Immunohistochemistry; NR: Not reported; ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; EMR: Endoscopic mucosal resection; CPS: Cold polypectomy snare; M: Male; F: Female.