Clinical study on the relationship between liver cirrhosis, ascites, and hyponatremia

Table 1 General patient information

Feature	Ascites with hyponatremia group (n = 73)	Ascites group (n = 77)	P value
Age	58.2 ± 8.9	54.6 ± 7.7	0.123
Sex (male%)	64.40%	52.00%	0.047
Married	35.60%	41.60%	0.33
Unmarried	21.90%	18.20%	0.478
Divorced/widowed	42.50%	40.20%	0.691
City living	56.20%	61.00%	0.439
Average length of stay (d)	12.7 ± 5.3	10.3 ± 4.1	0.014
Rural residence	43.80%	39.00%	0.561

Table 2 Degree of hyponatremia

Group	Mean serum sodium concentration (mmol/L)	Hyponatremia grade
Ascites with hyponatremia group	128.5 ± 4.3	Severe hyponatremia
Ascites group	137.6 ± 2.1	No hyponatremia

Table 3 Complications

Complication	Ascites with hyponatremia group (%)	Ascites group (%)	P value
Hepatic encephalopathy	56.20%	39.00%	0.024
Renal impairment	45.20%	28.60%	0.038
Infect	37.00%	23.40%	0.048
Bleeding	12.30%	8.10%	0.311
Gastrointestinal bleeding	9.60%	6.50%	0.422
Hepatorenal syndrome	6.80%	4.90%	0.562

Table 4 Treatment status

Treatment measures	Ascites with hyponatremia group (%)	Ascites group (%)	P value
Diuretic medication use	80.80%	62.30%	0.009
Supplementary use of salts	60.30%	38.90%	0.006
Ascites drainage	48.40%	33.80%	0.086
Medical treatment	27.40%	20.80%	0.233
Nutritional support	35.60%	27.30%	0.188

Table 5 Risk factors for ascites and hyponatremia

Risk factors	Multiple logistic regression OR	95%CI	P value
Older age	1.06	1.01-1.12	0.025
Male sex	1.72	1.09-2.72	0.02
Hepatic encephalopathy	1.38	0.89-2.14	0.156
Renal impairment	1.25	0.80-1.95	0.33
Infect	1.19	0.76-1.87	0.455
Diuretic medication use	1.51	0.97-2.35	0.07