Self-reported open cholecystectomy training, practice, and confidence in the laparoscopic era: An international convenience-sample survey

Figure 1 Self-reported confidence in key intraoperative steps of open cholecystectomy (n = 391). Values are percentages of all respondents on a 5-point ordinal scale. Anchors as presented to respondents: 1 = not at all confident and 5 = very confident for the cystic pedicle, the critical view of safety and the bile duct injury item; 1 = not at all confident and 5 = extremely confident for common bile duct exploration.

Figure 2 Cumulative open cholecystectomy volume as primary surgeon, stratified by years of practice (n = 285). Values are percentages within each stratum. The 106 respondents who did not answer the item on years of practice, 92 of whom were residents, are not shown. The years-of-practice categories are reproduced as presented to respondents and overlap at their limits. No statistical comparison was performed.