Comparison of three reconstruction techniques performed after pancreaticoduodenectomy: Using external, internal, or no stent

Figure 1 Schematic techniques of pancreaticojejunostomy after pancreaticoduodenectomy. A: External ductal stent: Duct-to-mucosa anastomosis and outer layer joining pancreatic parenchyma and jejunum; B: Internal ductal stent: Duct-to-mucosa anastomosis and outer layer joining pancreatic parenchyma and jejunum; C: No ductal stent: Invagination of the transected pancreas by pancreaticojejunostomy (inner layer) and outer layer joining pancreatic parenchyma and jejunum.

Figure 2 Flowchart of patient selection. PD: Pancreatoduodenectomy; EDS: External duct stent; IDS: Internal duct stent; NDS: Non-ductal stent.