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World J Gastrointest Surg. Sep 27, 2026; 18(9): 121449
Published online Sep 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.121449
Published online Sep 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.121449
Residual gastric content and aspiration-related outcomes in perioperative patients treated with semaglutide: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Vinicius Remus Ballotin, Department of Health Sciences, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul 95070-560, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Pedro Lucas Carneiro Ferreira, Valentina Tonin de Almeida, Carolina da Silva Borges, Henrique Tonin de Almeida, Rodrigo Giovanardi Pandolfo da Silva, School of Medicine, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul 95070-560, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Daniel Volquind, Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul 95070-560, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Luciano da Silva Selistre, Department of Nephrology and Biostatistics, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul 95070-560, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Co-first authors: Vinicius Remus Ballotin and Pedro Lucas Carneiro Ferreira.
Author contributions: Remus Ballotin V and Carneiro Ferreira PL performed the literature search, study screening, and data extraction; they both contributed equally to this article and are the co-first authors of this manuscript; Vinicius RB and Luciano SS conducted the statistical analyses and drafted the manuscript; da Silva Borges C and Tonin de Almeida H assisted with study selection, data verification, and evidence quality assessment; da Silva Borges C, Tonin de Almeida H, and Giovanardi Pandolfo da Silva R supported data extraction, tabulation, and figure preparation; Remus Ballotin V, Volquind D, and da Silva Selistre L conceptualized and designed the study; Volquind D, and da Silva Selistre L supervised the methodology, contributed to data interpretation, and critically revised the manuscript; and all authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
AI contribution statement: All the contents of the document responding to the review comments were written by humans. ChatGPT is only used for language polishing and grammar correction.
Supported by Graduate Support Program for Community Higher Education Institutions Scholarship, granted by the Brazilian Government Agency Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
Corresponding author: Vinicius Remus Ballotin, MD, Principal Investigator, Researcher, Department of Health Sciences, University of Caxias do Sul, Campus-Sede Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, Caxias do Sul 95070-560, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. vrballotin@ucs.br
Received: March 25, 2026
Revised: April 23, 2026
Accepted: June 3, 2026
Published online: September 27, 2026
Processing time: 174 Days and 19.3 Hours
Revised: April 23, 2026
Accepted: June 3, 2026
Published online: September 27, 2026
Processing time: 174 Days and 19.3 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Perioperative semaglutide treatment was associated with an increased risk of residual gastric content and digestive symptoms. Evidence regarding pulmonary aspiration, gastroparesis, and procedure discontinuation remains uncertain because the available data are observational and imprecise. Prospective studies using standardized fasting, perioperative, and outcome definitions are needed.