Wang CY, He HY, Li SS, Zhu QQ. Risk factors and nomogram for predicting delayed gastrointestinal recovery after radical gastrectomy. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(9): 120780 [DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.120780]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Qing-Qing Zhu, MD, Head, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China. yfy264779@fy.ahmu.edu.cn
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
research-article
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Wang CY, He HY, Li SS, Zhu QQ. Risk factors and nomogram for predicting delayed gastrointestinal recovery after radical gastrectomy. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(9): 120780 [DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.120780]
Cui-Yun Wang, Hong-Ye He, Shan-Shan Li, Qing-Qing Zhu, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
Author contributions: Wang CY contributed to the conception, design, and drafting of the manuscript; He HY performed the statistical analyses and interpreted the results; Li SS was responsible for data collection and literature review; Zhu QQ supervised the overall study and provided final approval of the manuscript; all authors read and approved the final version.
AI contribution statement: AI tools were used solely for language editing and refinement of the manuscript. No AI tools were used for study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation of results, or generation of scientific content. The authors carefully reviewed and verified all AI-assisted edits and assume full responsibility and accountability for the integrity, accuracy, originality, and scientific validity of the manuscript and all submitted materials.
Institutional review board statement: This study was reviewed and approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (approval No. PJ 2025-11-41).
Informed consent statement: This study was a retrospective analysis based on existing clinical records. The requirement for informed consent was waived by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, as approved together with the study protocol.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Data sharing statement: The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. No additional data are available.
Corresponding author: Qing-Qing Zhu, MD, Head, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China. yfy264779@fy.ahmu.edu.cn
Received: April 10, 2026 Revised: May 24, 2026 Accepted: June 24, 2026 Published online: September 27, 2026 Processing time: 157 Days and 23.5 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Gastrointestinal recovery is crucial after radical gastrectomy; however, delayed gastrointestinal recovery is a common complication following surgery, affecting postoperative outcomes. Age ≥ 65 years, underweight status, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade III, preoperative hypoalbuminemia, tumour, node, and metastasis (TNM) stage III and total gastrectomy were all identified as independent risk factors in this retrospective cohort study. After Bootstrap validation, a Nomogram including these variables showed good discrimination, calibration and clinical utility. Five of the six predictors (age, body mass index, ASA grade, serum albumin, and TNM stage) are identifiable preoperatively within a standard diagnostic workup, while total gastrectomy is determined intraoperatively. This accessibility enables early preoperative risk stratification and guides individualised perioperative management. Application of this approach may help to optimize nutritional intervention, ameliorate surgical planning and contribute to improvement in enhanced recovery after surgery inductees allowing for an expedited return of gastrointestinal activity along with prognostically favorable outcomes for the patient.
