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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2015.
World J Diabetes. Mar 15, 2015; 6(2): 333-337
Published online Mar 15, 2015. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v6.i2.333
Table 1 Studies that evaluate participation of zinc in diabetes mellitus
Ref.SamplesResults
Aly et al[12]Diabetics ratsZinc chloride supplementation (5 mg/kg) during one month, helped maintain serum concentration of glucose; preserved hepatic tissue; diminished NO, MDA, and PEPCK and increased SOD, GSH, LDH, pyruvate kinase and hexokinase
Zhang et al[13]Diabetics mice (n = 12) and control groups (n = 14)Reduced hepatic zinc concentration were found in diabetics mice Zinc deficiency has contributed to increase serum concentrations of ALT and deposit of lipids in the liver of the mice. Furthermore, this deficiency stimulated expression of inflammatory cytokines PAI-1, TNF-α and ICAM-1 and the oxidative damage markers (3-NT e 4-HNE)
Gunasekara et al[14]Diabetics adults: (n = 96) Group A (n = 29): Zinc and multivitamin/mineral complex supplementation Group B (n = 31): Multivitamin/mineral complex supplementation Group C (n = 36): PlaceboZinc and multivitamin/mineral complex supplementation decreased serum concentrations of HbA1c, fasting glucose, postprandial glucose and serum cholesterol. This supplementation also decreased cholesterol/HDL ratio
Yoshikawa et al[15]Diabetics mice (n = 8)Bis(aspirinato)Zn complex supplementation improved glycemia, insulin resistance, leptin resistance, hypoadiponectinemia and arterial hypertension
Foster et al[16]Women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 48)Zinc supplementation (40 mg/d) during 12 wk did not alter HbA1c, insulin and HOMA-IR values. Also, this supplementation did not change metallothionein and zinc transporters gene expression
ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; GSH: Reduced glutathione; HbA1c: Glycosylated haemoglobin; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model of assessment–insulin resistance; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; MDA: Malondialdehyde; NO: Nitric oxide; PAI-1: Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1; PEPCK: Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase; SOD: Superoxide dismutase; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-α; 3-NT: 3-nitrotyrosine; 4-HNE: 4-hydroxynonenal; ICAM-1: Intercellular adhesion molecule-1.