Prognostic factors and therapeutic effects of different treatment modalities for colorectal cancer liver metastases

Table 1 Comparison of clinicopathological data of the four groups of patients

	Drug	Ablation	Intervention	Surgical resection	Statistical value	P value
Gender					χ2 = 2.459	0.483
Male	8	19	10	24
Female	5	4	5	12
Age (yr)	62.77 ± 8.55	60.39 ± 9.33	63.13 ± 10.57	57.50 ± 12.52	F = 1.337	0.268
Primary tumor size (cm)	5.08 ± 2.17	4.35 ± 1.40	5.37 ± 2.72	5.10 ± 2.06	F = 0.940	0.425
Primary tumor site					χ2 = 11.729	0.068
Right colon	6	6	3	7
Left colon	5	4	3	16
Rectum	2	13	9	13
Pathological type					χ2 = 3.032	0.387
Non-MUC	11	20	11	33
MUC	2	3	4	3
Differentiation					χ2 = 7.807	0.253
High	4	4	1	10
Moderate	7	13	8	22
Low	2	6	6	4
CEA (ng/mL)					χ2 = 2.950	0.339
≤ 15	11	13	10	24
> 15	2	10	5	12
CA19-9 (U/mL)					χ2 = 0.576	0.902
≤ 37	10	15	10	25
> 37	3	8	5	11
LMN					χ2 = 4.346	0.226
No	6	14	7	12
Yes	7	9	8	24
CLM distribution					χ2 = 17.169	0.009
Right lobe	4	15	4	14
Left lobe	5	0	1	5
Both lobes	4	8	10	17
CLM number					χ2 = 5.051	0.168
≤ 4	8	16	5	21
> 4	5	7	10	15
Proximity to great vessels					χ2 = 23.693	0.000
No	12	21	5	31
Yes	1	2	10	5
Maximum CLM diameter (cm)	4.96 ± 2.81	4.72 ± 1.74	5.03 ± 1.39	2.93 ± 1.11	F = 9.627	0.000
Total chemotherapy time					χ2 = 5.729	0.126
< 6 mo	13	18	14	27
≥ 6 mo	0	5	1	9

MUC: Mucinous colorectal adenocarcinomas; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA19-9: Cancer antigen 19-9; LMN: Lymph node metastases; CLM: Colorectal liver metastases.

Table 2 Single factor analysis of prognosis of the patients

Variable	n	Recurrent-free survival (%)		χ2	P value
		1 yr	3 yr
Gender				0.977	0.323
Male	61	91.4	55.9
Female	26	78.3	46.5
Age (yr)				0.509	0.475
≤ 60	50	82.7	49.6
> 60	37	94.2	57.4
Primary tumor size (cm)				0.006	0.937
≤ 5	66	87.1	56.2
> 5	21	89.5	46.4
Primary tumor site				5.365	0.068
Right colon	22	85.2	38.8
Left colon	37	83.2	47.3
Rectum	28	96.0	75.1
Differentiation				9.228	0.010
High	19	83.9	77.9
Moderate	50	93.2	55.4
Low	18	76.5	29.4
Pathological type				0.000	0.987
Non–MUC	75	88.4	51.2
MUC	12	83.3	64.3
CEA (ng/mL)				5.636	0.018
≤ 15	58	92.3	65.2
> 15	29	85.8	20.2
CA199 (U/mL)				0.029	0.866
≤ 37	60	92.3	55.0
> 37	27	85.5	52.2
LMN				0.385	0.535
No	39	91.2	55.3
Yes	48	83.2	51.3
CLM distribution				1.036	0.596
Right lobe	37	82.5	53.9
Left lobe	11	90.9	56.6
Both lobes	39	91.6	52.7
CLM number				4.152	0.042
≤ 4	50	90.7	59.6
> 4	37	91.4	29.1
Maximum CLM diameter				10.732	0.001
≤ 5 cm	65	93.2	61.4
> 5 cm	22	85.2	18.7
CLM treatments				8.158	0.043
Drug	13	90.9	51.9
Ablation	23	72.5	37.5
Intervention	15	92.3	34.6
Surgical resection	36	96.8	61.9
Proximity to great vessels				4.412	0.036
No	69	90.5	59.6
Yes	18	77.4	36.1
Postoperative chemotherapy time				0.367	0.545
≤ 6 mo	72	79.4	42.8
> 6 mo	15	89.5	56.3

MUC: Mucinous colorectal adenocarcinomas; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA19-9: Cancer antigen 19-9; LMN: Lymph node metastases; CLM: Colorectal liver metastases.

Table 3 Multifactor analysis

Variable	B	SE	Wald	df	Sig.	Exp(B)
Step 1
Differentiation			4.174	2	0.124
Differentiation (1)	-0.865	0.590	2.148	1	0.143	0.421
Differentiation (2)	-0.763	0.406	3.528	1	0.060	0.466
CEA classification	0.076	0.434	0.030	1	0.861	1.079
Number of metastases	-0.758	0.416	3.323	1	0.068	0.468
Size of metastases	1.516	0.396	14.616	1	0.000	4.552
Proximity to great vessles	-0.794	0.417	3.616	1	0.057	0.452
Liver treatment	-0.094	0.174	0.288	1	0.591	0.911
Step 2
Differentiation			4.173	2	0.124
Differentiation (1)	-0.860	0.589	2.133	1	0.144	0.423
Differentiation (2)	-0.749	0.398	3.532	1	0.060	0.473
Number of metastases	-0.754	0.414	3.312	1	0.069	0.471
Size of metastases	1.526	0.392	15.190	1	0.000	4.599
Proximity to great vessles	-0.797	0.417	3.656	1	0.056	0.451
Liver treatment	-0.097	0.174	0.308	1	0.579	0.908
Step 3
Differentiation			4.373	2	0.112
Differentiation (1)	-0.839	0.585	2.057	1	0.151	0.432
Differentiation (2)	-0.776	0.396	3.834	1	0.050	0.460
Number of metastases	-0.795	0.409	3.778	1	0.052	0.451
Size of metastases	1.583	0.379	17.438	1	0.000	4.870
Proximity to great vessles	-0.793	0.416	3.639	1	0.056	0.452
Step 4
Number of metastases	-0.910	0.405	5.065	1	0.024	0.402
Size of metastases	1.490	0.366	16.596	1	0.000	4.438
Proximity to great vessles	-1.001	0.396	6.384	1	0.012	0.367
Differentiation	1.384	0.392	7.238	1	0.008	0.507

Table 4 Comparison of clinicopathology between not-near great vessel group (A) and near great vessel group (B)

	A	B	Statistics	P value
Gender			χ2 = 0.048	0.826
Male	48	13
Female	21	5
Age (yr)	59.22 ± 10.34	63.11 ± 12.90	t = 1.350	0.181
Primary tumor size (cm)	4.73 ± 1.84	5.75 ± 2.65	t = 1.900	0.061
Primary tumor site			χ2 = 0.519	0.771
Right colon	18	4
Left colon	23	5
Rectum	28	9
Pathological type			χ2 = 0.456	0.500
Non-MUC	60	15
MUC	19	3
Differentiation			χ2 = 4.581	0.101
High	16	3
Medium	42	8
Low	11	7
CEA (ng/mL)			χ2 = 0.315	0.574
≤ 15	45	13
> 15	24	5
CA19-9 (U/mL)			χ2 = 0.654	0.419
≤ 37	49	11
> 37	20	7
LMN			χ2 = 0.001	0.971
No	31	8
Yes	38	10
CLM distribution			χ2 = 2.546	0.280
Right lobe	32	5
Left lobe	9	2
Both lobes	28	11
CLM number			χ2 = 3.206	0.073
≤ 4	43	7
> 4	26	11
Maximum CLM diameter (cm)	4.04 ± 1.97	4.19 ± 1.69	t = 0.309	0.758
Postoperative chemotherapy time			χ2 = 1.766	0.184
≤ 6 mo	59	13
> 6 mo	10	5
CLM treatments			χ2 = 23.693	0.000
Drug	12	1
Ablation	21	2
Intervention	5	10
Surgical resection	31	5

MUC: Mucinous colorectal adenocarcinomas; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA19-9: Cancer antigen 19-9; LMN: Lymph node metastases; CLM: Colorectal liver metastases.