Status of colitis-associated cancer in ulcerative colitis

Figure 1 Mechanisms of colorectal cancer and colitis-associated cancer development. APC: Adenomatous polyposis coli; TGFβ: Transforming growth factor beta; NF-κB: Nuclear factor-κB; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; IL: Interleukin; STAT3: Signal transducer and active of transcription 3.

Figure 2 Hematoxylin-eosin (A, D) and immunostaining of claudin-1 (B, E) and β-catenin (C, F) in ulcerative colitis mucosa (A-C) and ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer tissue (D-F) of a patient with ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer.