Different titration protocols in pain management after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer patients

Figure 1 Cox regression analysis for pain management outcomes. The forest plot clearly demonstrates that the 12-hour titration regimen is superior to the 24-hour regimen across all clinical outcomes measured in postoperative pain management following radical gastrectomy. With all hazard ratios below 1.0 and statistically significant P values, the 12-hour approach substantially reduced respiratory depression by 76%, decreased analgesic consumption by 60%, lowered patient dissatisfaction by 55%, and significantly reduced adverse effects including nausea/vomiting, sedation, and dizziness.