Correlation of serum cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant levels with Helicobacter pylori infection and disease severity in gastric cancer patients

Figure 1 Comparison of serum cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant levels between Helicobacter pylori-positive and Helicobacter pylori-negative patients with gastric cancer. ^aP < 0.05, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-positive group vs H. pylori-negative group. CINC: Cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant; H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori.

Figure 2 Association between serum cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant levels and TNM staging in Helicobacter pylori-positive patients with gastric cancer. ^aP < 0.05, stage IV group vs stage I group; ^n.s.P > 0.05, stage II group vs stage I group; ^n.s.P > 0.05, stage III group vs stage I group. CINC: Cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant.

Figure 3 Cytotoxin-associated gene A/vacuolating cytotoxin -positive Helicobacter pylori strains enhance cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant production via NF-κB activation in gastric epithelial cells, promoting neutrophilic inflammation. ^aP < 0.05, CagA+/VacA+ vs nontoxic control; ^bP < 0.01, CagA+/VacA−/Tox1+ vs nontoxic control; ^cP < 0.001, CagA+/VacA−/Tox2+ vs nontoxic control; ^dP < 0.0001, CagA−/VacA+/Tox1+ vs nontoxic control; ^eP < 0.00001, CagA−/VacA−/Tox1+/Tox2+ vs nontoxic control. CagA: Cytotoxin-associated gene A; VacA: Vacuolating cytotoxin; CINC: Cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant.

Figure 4 Serum cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant levels classified according to gastric cancer subtype. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01 for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-positive vs H. pylori-negative within each subtype; CINC: Cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant; H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori.

Figure 5 Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrating the correlation of 3- and 5-year overall survival with serum cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant level and Helicobacter pylori status in patients with gastric cancer. CINC: Cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant.