Correlation of serum cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant levels with Helicobacter pylori infection and disease severity in gastric cancer patients

Figure 3 Cytotoxin-associated gene A/vacuolating cytotoxin -positive Helicobacter pylori strains enhance cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant production via NF-κB activation in gastric epithelial cells, promoting neutrophilic inflammation. ^aP < 0.05, CagA+/VacA+ vs nontoxic control; ^bP < 0.01, CagA+/VacA−/Tox1+ vs nontoxic control; ^cP < 0.001, CagA+/VacA−/Tox2+ vs nontoxic control; ^dP < 0.0001, CagA−/VacA+/Tox1+ vs nontoxic control; ^eP < 0.00001, CagA−/VacA−/Tox1+/Tox2+ vs nontoxic control. CagA: Cytotoxin-associated gene A; VacA: Vacuolating cytotoxin; CINC: Cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant.