Copyright
©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Sep 15, 2021; 13(9): 1132-1143
Published online Sep 15, 2021. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i9.1132
Published online Sep 15, 2021. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i9.1132
Figure 1 Immune mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis.
NK: Natural killer; Treg: Regulatory T cells; TAM: Tumor-associated macrophages; CTLA-4: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4; PD-1: Programmed cell death protein 1; Tim-3: T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3; HLA: Human leucocyte antigen; TAA: Tumor-associated antigens; TCR: T cell receptor; IFN: Interferon; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor.
- Citation: Mattos ÂZ, Debes JD, Boonstra A, Vogel A, Mattos AA. Immune aspects of hepatocellular carcinoma: From immune markers for early detection to immunotherapy. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13(9): 1132-1143
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v13/i9/1132.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v13.i9.1132