Published online Aug 15, 2023. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i8.1486
Peer-review started: February 10, 2023
First decision: May 19, 2023
Revised: May 28, 2023
Accepted: June 25, 2023
Article in press: June 25, 2023
Published online: August 15, 2023
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer, which currently faces difficulties in early diagnosis, high recurrence rate, and low overall survival rate. Early detection and diagnosis are main way to reduce the incidence rate and mortality of HCC.
Using logistic regression models to identify high-risk factors related to HCC, and combining clinical features and liver related indicators to establish a predictive model for HCC.
This study aims to establish a model that can predict HCC and can be applied in clinical practice.
Patients were divided into a modeling group and a validation group based on the results of puncture biopsy or surgical pathological diagnosis. HCC was used as the dependent variable, and the research indicators were included in logistic univariate and multivariate analysis to establish a HCC risk prediction model.
Logistic univariate analysis showed that, gender, age, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), aspartate transaminase (AST), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were risk factors for HCC, and in the training cohort and confirming with the validation cohort, the NSMC-HCC model has good sensitivity and specificity in high-risk populations with HCC, with a high accuracy in early-stage HCC diagnosis.
We have established a relatively effective HCC risk prediction model that includes gender, age, AFP, PIVKA-I, total bilirubin, GGT, AST, alanine amino transferase, total bile acid, and HBsAg, and this model has high accuracy in the diagnosis of early HCC.
This study is an observational study that included samples from the same medical institution, which may have sampling bias. Further validation of multicenter, large sample studies is needed in the future.