Monoclonal antibodies that target the immunogenic proteins expressed in colorectal cancer

Abstract

In an attempt to improve upon the end results obtained in treating colorectal cancer it was apparent that the earlier the diagnosis that could be obtained, the better the chance for obtaining desired results. In the case of more advanced tumors typified by later stage colorectal cancer, surgical debulking is an important part of the treatment strategy. Here the use of additional therapeutic modalities including chemotherapy and present day immunotherapy has failed to accomplish the desired improvements that have been sought after. Adjuvant therapy, has offered little to the overall survival. The concept of early detection is now recognized as the initial step in reaching proper end results and can readily be demonstrated from colorectal cancer studies. Here survival has been found to be a reflection of the stage at which the tumor is first identified and treated. When specific monoclonals targeting colorectal cancer are employed diagnostically, we have been able to demonstrate detection of colorectal cancer at its inception as a premalignant lesion, such that genotypic features can be identified before the phenotypic appearance of cancer can be noted.

Keywords: Colorectal cancer, Monoclonal antibodies, Immunohistochemistry, Antibody dependent cell cytotoxicity, Tumor associated antigens

Core tip: The ideal monoclonal antibody to be employed in cancer management is one targeting an immunogenic protein expressed in a specific cancer system. Those presently employed in cancer management, target a growth factor or carbohydrate antigen seen in both cancer and normal tissue. Their value as such is limited. The monoclonals described herein are directed against colon cancer tumor associated antigen and have value in both diagnostic and therapeutic uses for controlling this disease.