Exposed endoscopic full-thickness resection for duodenal submucosal tumors: Current status and future perspectives

Table 1 Summary of studies reporting on duodenal endoscopic submucosal dissection-assisted exposed endoscopic full-thickness resection

Ref.	Study design	Lesions, n	Mean size (range), cm	Site	R0	Histology	Surgical conversion	Closure method	Mean operation time (range), min	Major AEs	Mean poLOS (range), days	Mean follow-up (range), months	Recurrence
Abe et al[23], 2012	CR	1	1.0	Bulb: Anterior wall		Carcinoid	0	Laparoscopic hand-suturing	200	0	7	-	-
Qiao et al[24], 2018	R	5	-	Bulb	-	-	0	EPSS	-	0	4.5	12	0
Ren et al[25], 2019	R	32	1.2 (0.5–3.0)	Bulb: Anterior wall (n = 21); posterior wall via (n = 1); Bulb-D2 junction: Anterior wall (n = 8); D2 (n = 2)	32	GIST (n = 14); NET (n = 4); Heterotopic pancreas (n = 11); Leiomyoma (n = 2); Lipoma (n = 1)	2	Clips (n = 6); Clips + endoloops (n = 20). Clips + endoloops + fibrin glue (n = 4); ESS (n = 1)	-	Delayed perforation (n = 1); SO2 decline (n = 1)	6.2 (2–19)	38 (14–73)	0
Yuan et al[26], 2019	CR	1	2.0	Bulb	1	GIST	0	EPSS	55	0	4	3	0
Granata et al[27], 2021	R	2	2.4 (1.8–3.0)	Bulb: Anterior wall (n = 1); inferior wall (n = 1)	2	GIST (n = 1); NET (n = 1)	0	ESS	293 (145–148)	0	3.5 (3–4)	15 (12–18)	0

AEs: Adverse events; poLOS: Post-operative length of stay; CR: Case report; R: Retrospective; D2: Descending duodenum; GIST: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor; NET: Neuroendocrine tumor; SO2: Oxygen saturation; EPSS: Endoscopic purse-string suture; ESS: Endoscopic suturing system.