Endoscopic hemostasis makes the difference: Angiographic treatment in patients with lower gastrointestinal bleeding

Table 1 Selected variables for catheter angiography group and reference group with conservative treatment

	CA-LGIB	K-LGIB	P value
General data
Number of patients (n)	41	92
TAE performed, n (%)	20 (48.8)	0
Age (yr)	72.8	73.2	0.42541
Sex (%)			0.1822
Male	29 (70.7)	54 (58.2)
Female	12 (29.3)	38 (41.8)
Clinical data
RR sys (mmHg)	103	124	≤ 0.00011
HR (bpm)	97	82	≤ 0.00011
Shock index	1	0.7	≤ 0.00011
Transfusions (n)	7.44	0.55	≤ 0.00011
Anticoagulants (%)			0.122
Yes	22 (53.7)	63 (68.5)
No	19 (46.3)	28 (30.4)
BFS	11.49	8.28	≤ 0.00011
Hb (mg/dL)	7.98	10.7	≤ 0.00011
Thrombocytes (10³/µL)	189	265	≤ 0.00061
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.98	1.24	0.02551
INR	1.27	1.29	0.16321
Endoscopic data
Endoscopies prior to CA (n)	2.07	2.12	0.921
Hemostasis achieved in primary endoscopy, n (%)			≤ 0.00012
Yes	4 (9.8)	88 (95.7)
No	37 (90.2)	3 (3.3)
Location of bleeding, n (%)			≤ 0.00872
Ambiguous	7 (17.5)	43 (46.7)
Jejunum/ileum	4 (10)	1 (1.1)
Colon	28 (70)	45 (50)
Others	1 (2.5)	2 (2.2)
Follow up
Duration of hospitalization (d)	19.44	9.79	≤ 0.0011
Discharge, n (%)	25 (61.0)	83 (90.2)	≤ 0.00012
Surgery, n (%)	13 (31.7)	4 (4.3)
Death, n (%)	3 (7.3)	3 (3.3)

¹Wilcoxon’s rank sum test.

²Fisher’s exact test for count data.

LGIB: Lower gastrointestinal bleeding; CA: Catheter angiography; TAE: Transarterial embolization; CA-LGIB: Catheter angiography group; K-LGIB: Reference group with conservative treatment; BFS: Glasgow-Blatchford bleeding score; HR: Heart rate; INR: International normalized ratio.

Table 2 Evidence of bleeding with reference to computed tomography angiography

LGIB (n = 17)	CA: Bleeding, y (%)	CA: Bleeding, n (%)
CTA: Bleeding y (%)	2 (11.7)	4 (23.5)
CTA: Bleeding, n (%)	4 (23.5)	7 (41.3)

LGIB: Lower gastrointestinal bleeding; CA: Catheter angiography; CTA: Computed tomography angiography.