Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastrointest Endosc. Oct 16, 2026; 18(10): 125564
Published online Oct 16, 2026. doi: 10.4253/wjge.125564
Published online Oct 16, 2026. doi: 10.4253/wjge.125564
Real-world clinical outcomes, prognostic factors, and safety profile of upadacitinib in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Vassiliki Kitsou, Georgios Kokkotis, Panagiotis Avatziadis, Giorgos Bamias, GI Unit, 3rd Academic Department of Internal Medicine, Sotiria Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Attikí, Greece
Alexandros Ioannou, Spyridon Michopoulos, Evanthia Zampeli, Gastroenterology Clinic, General Hospital of Athens “Alexandra”, Athens 11528, Attikí, Greece
Author contributions: Kitsou V performed formal analysis related investigation and data curation, and wrote the first draft of the manuscript; Kokkotis G and Bamias G contributed to methodology; Kokkotis G contributed to formal analysis, investigation and original draft preparation; Avatziadis P, Ioannou A, Michopoulos S, and Zampeli E participated in investigation; Zampeli E and Bamias G provided study resources; Avatziadis P, Ioannou A, Michopoulos S, Zampeli E, and Bamias G contributed to manuscript review and editing; Kitsou V, Kokkotis G, Avatziadis P, Ioannou A, Michopoulos S, Zampeli E, and Bamias G contributed to the study conception and design; Bamias G carried out conceptualization, resources, visualization, supervision and project administration, and was responsible for the overall study design of the project; and all authors thoroughly reviewed and endorsed the final manuscript.
AI contribution statement: No AI tools used.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Sotiria Hospital, Athens, approval No. 11493.
Informed consent statement: All participants provided informed consent for the anonymous use of their records.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement-checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement-checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors on request.
Corresponding author: Giorgos Bamias, MD, PhD, Professor, GI Unit, 3rd Academic Depart
Received: July 13, 2026
Revised: August 13, 2026
Accepted: October 9, 2026
Published online: October 16, 2026
Processing time: 95 Days and 14 Hours
Revised: August 13, 2026
Accepted: October 9, 2026
Published online: October 16, 2026
Processing time: 95 Days and 14 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Our real-world study demonstrates that upadacitinib is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for patients with advanced therapy-refractory inflammatory bowel disease. Over a median follow-up of 66 weeks, upadacitinib showed high treatment persistence and clinical remission rates, particularly in patients with ulcerative colitis. Moreover, our study identifies baseline predictors for treatment discontinuation or intensification of upadacitinib in patients with ulcerative colitis, as well as predictors of endoscopic remission in both ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, thus, providing insights into personalized management of patients.