Evidence Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Endosc. May 16, 2025; 17(5): 105468
Published online May 16, 2025. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v17.i5.105468
Advances in gastrointestinal endoscopy: A comprehensive review of innovations in cancer diagnosis and management
Mohammed Abusuliman, Taher Jamali, Tobias E Zuchelli
Mohammed Abusuliman, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
Taher Jamali, Tobias E Zuchelli, Department of Gastroenterology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
Author contributions: Abusuliman M contributed to conceptualization, data curation, writing – original draft, writing – review & editing; Jamali T contributed to conceptualization, supervision, visualization, writing – original draft; Zuchelli TE contributed to conceptualization, supervision, visualization, writing – review & editing.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Mohammed Abusuliman, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 W Grand Blvd, Detroit, MI 48202, United States. dr.salah.ma@gmail.com
Received: January 23, 2025
Revised: March 26, 2025
Accepted: April 15, 2025
Published online: May 16, 2025
Processing time: 109 Days and 5.7 Hours
Abstract

The field of gastroenterology has experienced revolutionary advances over the past years, as flexible endoscopes have become widely accessible. In addition to enabling faster, less invasive, and more affordable treatment, flexible endoscopes have greatly improved the detection and endoscopic screening of malignancies and prevented many cancer-related deaths. The development and clinical application of new diagnostic endoscopic technologies, such as magnification endoscopy, narrow-band imaging, endoscopic ultrasound with biopsy, and more recently, artificial intelligence enhanced technologies, have made the recognition and detection of various neoplasms and sub-epithelial tumors more possible. This review demonstrates the latest advancements in endoscopic procedures, techniques, and devices applied in the diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal cancer.

Keywords: Endoscopy; Colonoscopy; Endoscopic ultrasound; Cancer diagnosis; Therapeutic endoscopy; Gastroenterology; Endoscopic submucosal dissection

Core Tip: This review comprehensively explores the latest advancements in gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy, highlighting innovations in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques for GI cancers. Cutting-edge technologies such as magnification endoscopy, narrow-band imaging, endoscopic ultrasound with fine-needle biopsy, and artificial intelligence-enhanced methods are transforming cancer detection, staging, and management. Endoscopic approaches like submucosal dissection and mucosal resection are improving outcomes for premalignant and malignant lesions. These developments underscore the pivotal role of endoscopy in reducing morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs associated with GI cancers.