Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis prevalence in pre-transplant patients and its effect on survival and graft loss post-transplant

Table 1 Population characteristics

Population characteristic	History of pre-transplant SBP (n = 1966)	No history of SBP (n = 45914)	P-value
Recipient age, yr	50.51 (49.96-51.07)	47.97 (47.81-48.13)	< 0.0001
Donor age, yr	38.08 (38.84-39.61)	38.29 (38.12-38.46)	0.165
MELD score at transplant	25.28 (24.83-25.74)	20.34 (20.25-20.44)	< 0.0001
Male	1429 (72.69)	29950 (65.23)	< 0.0001
Ethnicity African American	149 (7.58)	4591 (10.00)	0.027
Etiology of recipient liver disease			< 0.0001
Alcohol alone	318 (16.17)	4621 (10.06)
Autoimmune	64 (3.26)	1149 (2.50)
Cholestatic disease	113 (5.75)	3337 (7.27)
Hepatitis B	69 (3.51)	1014 (2.21)
Hepatitis C	809 (41.15)	13557 (29.53)
Liver malignancy	126 (6.41)	6435 (14.02)
NASH/cryptogenic	175 (8.90)	4214 (9.18)
Other	292 (14.85)	11587 (25.24)
Liver retransplantation	145 (7.38)	3711 (8.08)	0.259

Categorical variables are expressed as number and column percent. Continuous variables are expressed as mean and 95%CIs unless otherwise specified. SBP: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis; MELD: Model for End Stage Liver Disease; NASH: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

Table 2 Cause of graft failure in patients with and without a history of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Cause of graft failure	History of pre-transplant SBP (n = 1966)	No history of SBP (n = 45914)	P-value
Biliary	24 (1.22)	423 (0.92)	0.176
De novo autoimmune hepatitis	2 (0.10)	17 (0.04)	0.182
Recurrent viral hepatitis	71 (3.61)	936 (2.04)	< 0.0001
Infection	37 (1.88)	585 (1.27)	0.020
Primary non-function	84 (4.27)	1352 (2.94)	< 0.0001
Recurrent non-viral disease	26 (1.32)	547 (1.19)	0.600
Acute rejection	18 (0.92)	289 (0.63)	0.120
Chronic rejection	21 (1.07)	312 (0.68)	0.042
Vascular thrombosis	44 (2.24)	811 (1.77)	0.122

SBP: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.

Table 3 Mutlivariate analysis of independent predictors of graft failure due to recurrent viral hepatitis

	Odds ratio	95%CI	P-value
History of pre-transplant SBP	1.567	1.218-2.017	< 0.001
Hepatitis C (vs hepatitis B)	6.777	5.864-7.832	< 0.0001
Previous transplant	2.349	1.923-2.868	< 0.0001
MELD at transplant	0.989	0.982-0.996	0.0014
Age of recipient	0.992	0.986-0.997	0.0041
Age of donor	1.023	1.019-1.027	< 0.0001

SBP: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis; MELD: Model for End Stage Liver Disease.

Table 4 Mutlivariate analysis of independent predictors of all cause survival due to recurrent hepatitis C

	Hazard ratio	95%CI	P-value
History of pre-transplant SBP	1.112	1.019-1.212	0.017
Hepatitis C	1.176	1.126-1.228	< 0.0001
Previous transplant	1.979	1.860-2.107	< 0.0001
Gender male	0.983	0.941-1.027	0.443
Ethnicity non-African American	0.921	0.866-0.980	0.010
MELD at transplant	1.016	1.014-1.018	< 0.0001
Age of recipient	1.009	1.007-1.010	< 0.0001
Age of donor	1.009	1.008-1.010	< 0.0001

SBP: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis; MELD: Model for End Stage Liver Disease.