Aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid sclerotherapy for Goligher Grades II and III hemorrhoids: Results from a multicenter study

Table 1 The characteristics of patients with Grades II and III hemorrhoids

Goligher classification	Grade II	Grade III	Statistical significance
Number	169	435
Gender
Male	103	231	NS
Female	66	204
Age (yr)	58 ± 18	59 ± 16	NS
Injection dose of ALTA (mL)	13.4 ± 5.2	21.5 ± 6.8	P < 0.0001
Operative time	14 ± 8	16 ± 7	P = 0.0020

NS: Not significant; ALTA: Aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid.

Table 2 Prognostic factors associated with the recurrence of hemorrhoids after aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid sclerotherapy

Prognostic factor	Relative risk (95%CI)	P value
Age	0.997 (0.981-1.012)	0.6567
Gender	0.800 (0.469-1.365)	0.4124
Goligher grade	1.768 (0.897-3.483)	0.0997
Operation time	0.974 (0.941-1.010)	0.1542
ALTA injection dose	0.976 (0.941-1.012)	0.1901
Complication	1.293 (0.469-3.564)	0.6189

ALTA: Aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid.

Table 3 Scheme of recurrence rate and/or additional operation rate of each hemorrhoid treatment

Ref.	Grade	Technique	n	Follow-up	Recurrence rate and/or additional surgery rate (%)
Giordano et al[4]	II, III	THD	28	3 yr	14.00
		SH	24		13.00
Giordano et al[17]	IV	THD + targeted mucopexy	31	32 mo	6.40
Ratto et al[18]	II, III, IV	THD	170	11.5 mo	4.10
Ratto et al[19]	II, III, IV	THD	803	11.1 mo	10.20
Zampieri et al[20]	III, IV	THD	46	1-6 mo	0
		Ligasure	68		4.00
Theodoropoulos et al[21]	III, IV	DGHAL + RAR	147	15 mo	4.00
Walega et al[22]	III, IV	DGHAL + RAR	29	3 mo	10.34
Gravié et al[23]		SH	63	2 yr	7.50
		MMH	63		1.80
Ammaturo et al[24]	III	SH	39	2 yr	13.00
		MMH	40		0
Hachiro et al[8]	III, IV	ALTA	448	29 mo	3.60
Takano et al[6]	III, IV	ALTA (OC-108)	80	1 yr	16.00
		CH	85		2.00
Miyamoto et al[7]	II, III, IV	ALTA	28	5 mo	10.70

THD: Trans-anal hemorrhoidal dearterialization; DGHAL: Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal arterial ligation; SH: Stapled hemorrhoidopexy; RAR: Rectoanal repair; CH: Conventional hemorrhoidectomy; ALTA: Aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid.