Retrospective Cohort Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2017. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Hepatol. Dec 18, 2017; 9(35): 1278-1285
Published online Dec 18, 2017. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v9.i35.1278
Influence of proton pump inhibitors in the development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
Suelen A S Miozzo, Jorge A John, Marcelo C Appel-da-Silva, Isabella A Dossin, Cristiane V Tovo, Angelo A Mattos
Suelen A S Miozzo, Jorge A John, Marcelo C Appel-da-Silva, Isabella A Dossin, Cristiane V Tovo, Angelo A Mattos, Graduate Program in Medicine, Hepatology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre CEP 90430-080, Brazil
Author contributions: Mattos AA conceptualized and designed this study; Miozzo SAS, John JA, Appel-da-Silva MC and Dossin IA collected the data; Miozzo SAS reviewed the literature and wrote the manuscript with substantial contribution of Mattos AA; Mattos AA and Tovo CV reviewed the manuscript critically for important intellectual content; all authors approved the final version of the manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: The study protocol was approved by the institutional review board for human studies at the UFCSPA.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors state no conflicts of interest. No financial support was provided for the study.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Cristiane V Tovo, MD, PhD, Adjunct Professor, Assistant Professor, Graduate Program in Medicine, Hepatology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rua Cel Aurelio Bitencourt 115/201, Porto Alegre CEP 90430-080, Brazil. cristianev@ufcspa.edu.br
Telephone: +55-51-32148158
Received: July 7, 2017
Peer-review started: July 17, 2017
First decision: August 7, 2017
Revised: August 25, 2017
Accepted: November 3, 2017
Article in press: November 3, 2017
Published online: December 18, 2017
Core Tip

Core tip: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) increases the incidence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in patients with cirrhosis and ascites. An historical cohort study was carried out with cirrhotic patients. The primary outcome was development of SBP. Of 258 patients with ascites, 151 used PPIs, and 34 developed SBP (22.5%). Among 107 non-users of PPIs, 23 developed SBP (21.5%) (HR = 1.44, 95%CI: 0.85-2.47, P = 0.176). In conclusion, the use of PPIs does not increase the incidence of SBP in patients with cirrhosis and ascites.