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©The Author(s) 2015. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Hepatol. Dec 28, 2015; 7(30): 2992-2998
Published online Dec 28, 2015. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i30.2992
Published online Dec 28, 2015. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i30.2992
Management of rectal varices in portal hypertension
Kawtar Al Khalloufi, Adeyinka O Laiyemo, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC 20060, United States
Author contributions: All authors contributed to this manuscript.
Supported by The National Center for Advancing Translational Science, Nos. KL2TR000102-04 and UL1RT000101; the National Institute for Diabetes; Digestive Diseases and Kidney, No. R21DK100875; and National Institutes of Health.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this manuscript.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Adeyinka O Laiyemo, MD, MPH, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Howard University College of Medicine, 2041 Georgia Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20060, United States. adeyinka.laiyemo@howard.edu
Telephone: +1-202-8657186 Fax: +1-202-8654607
Received: July 28, 2015
Peer-review started: July 29, 2015
First decision: September 29, 2015
Revised: October 13, 2015
Accepted: December 9, 2015
Article in press: December 11, 2015
Published online: December 28, 2015
Peer-review started: July 29, 2015
First decision: September 29, 2015
Revised: October 13, 2015
Accepted: December 9, 2015
Article in press: December 11, 2015
Published online: December 28, 2015
Core Tip
Core tip: Rectal varices complicate portal hypertension. Although rare, bleeding from rectal varices can be life threatening. There are no established guidelines for the treatment of rectal varices. In this article, the authors review endoscopic, radiological, and surgical techniques which have been suggested to be effective in the management of bleeding rectal varices.