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World J Hepatol. Jun 27, 2025; 17(6): 106849
Published online Jun 27, 2025. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v17.i6.106849
Gut microbiota in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutics
Himani Pandey, Prabudh Goel, Varunvenkat M Srinivasan, Daryl W T Tang, Sunny H Wong, Devi Lal
Himani Pandey, Department of Medical Genetics, Redcliffe Labs, Noida 201301, Uttar Pradesh, India
Prabudh Goel, Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi 110029, India
Varunvenkat M Srinivasan, Department of Medical Genetics, Postgraduate Institute of Child Health, Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
Daryl W T Tang, Sunny H Wong, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
Devi Lal, Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
Co-first authors: Himani Pandey and Prabudh Goel.
Co-corresponding authors: Sunny H Wong and Devi Lal.
Author contributions: Pandey H and Goel P contributed equally to this article and as co-first authors of this manuscript. Pandey H, Goel P, Wong SH, and Lal D conceptualized and designed the study; Pandey H, Goel P, Srinivasan VM, Tang DWT, Wong SH, and Lal D carried out literature search; Tang DWT prepared the diagrams; Pandey H, Goel P, Wong SH, and Lal D prepared the original draft; Pandey H, Goel P, Srinivasan VM, Tang DWT, Wong SH, and Lal D reviewed and edited the manuscript; Wong SH and Lal D carried out the supervision and they contributed equally to this manuscript and as co-corresponding authors of this manuscript; and all authors read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Devi Lal, Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, University Road, University Enclave, Delhi 110007, India. devilal@ramjas.du.ac.in
Received: March 9, 2025
Revised: March 25, 2025
Accepted: May 21, 2025
Published online: June 27, 2025
Processing time: 108 Days and 22.9 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is among the most prevalent chronic liver conditions that has been recognized as an emerging global health problem. Evidence suggests that the gut microbiota plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of NAFLD by influencing liver inflammation through its metabolites. Identifying gut microbial and metabolic signatures opens new avenues for early diagnosis and therapeutic interventions. Microbiota-targeted therapies, including diet, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, hold promise for alleviating NAFLD and improving patient outcomes.