Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Hepatol. Oct 27, 2023; 15(10): 1127-1139
Published online Oct 27, 2023. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v15.i10.1127
Liver disease epidemiology and burden in patients with alterations in plasma protein metabolism: German retrospective insurance claims analysis
Nils Picker, May Hagiwara, Severin Baumann, Ed G Marins, Thomas Wilke, Kaili Ren, Ulf Maywald, Chitra Karki, Pavel Strnad
Nils Picker, Severin Baumann, Real-World Evidence, Cytel Inc. Ingress-Health HWM GmbH, Wismar 23966, Germany
May Hagiwara, Chitra Karki, R&D, Global Evidence and Outcomes, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
Ed G Marins, Global Medical Affairs, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
Thomas Wilke, IPAM Institute, IPAM E.V., Wismar 23966, Germany
Kaili Ren, Statistics and Quantitative Sciences, Data Science Institute, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
Ulf Maywald, Drug Department, AOK PLUS, Dresden 01058, Germany
Pavel Strnad, Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany
Author contributions: Picker N, Hagiwara M, Baumann S, Marins EG, Wilke T, Ren K, Maywald U, Karki C, and Strnad P provided substantial contribution to the conception or design of the work, or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work, and drafted the work or revised it critically for important intellectual content; all authors provided final approval of the version to be published; all authors agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
Institutional review board statement: Institutional review board approval was not required for this retrospective analysis of anonymized data.
Informed consent statement: Signed informed consent forms were not required as this was a retrospective analysis of anonymized data.
Conflict-of-interest statement: Dr. Strnad reports grants and other from CSL Behring, grants and other from Grifols, grants and other from Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals, grants and other from Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, grants from Vertex Pharmaceuticals, other from Albireo, other from GlaxoSmithKline, other from Intellia Pharmaceuticals, other from Ono Pharmaceuticals, other from Takeda Pharmaceuticals, during the conduct of the study.
Data sharing statement: The data that support the findings of this study are available from AOK PLUS. Restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for this study.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Pavel Strnad, MD, Professor, Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 30 Pauwelsstraße, Aachen 52074, Germany. pstrnad@ukaachen.de
Received: May 22, 2023
Peer-review started: May 22, 2023
First decision: July 8, 2023
Revised: August 11, 2023
Accepted: September 18, 2023
Article in press: September 18, 2023
Published online: October 27, 2023
Core Tip

Core Tip: This was a retrospective analysis of anonymized, patient-level, insurance claims data from a German health insurance provider (AOK PLUS), which demonstrated that a diagnosis of alterations in plasma protein metabolism (APPM) (E88.0) in patients with liver disease was associated with a substantial burden and higher rate of liver disease progression compared with patients with liver disease but without APPM. To enable accurate diagnosis and inform disease management, it is important to have specific diagnostic codes that differentiate between genetic liver disease and liver manifestations from other causes.