Bittencourt PL, Farias AQ, Terra C. Renal failure in cirrhosis: Emerging concepts. World J Hepatol 2015; 7(21): 2336-2343 [PMID: 26413223 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i21.2336]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Paulo Lisboa Bittencourt, MD, Unit of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Portuguese Hospital, Clementino Fraga 220, Apto 1901, Ondina, Salvador, BA 40170-050, Brazil. plbbr@uol.com.br
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Minireviews
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Hepatol. Sep 28, 2015; 7(21): 2336-2343 Published online Sep 28, 2015. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i21.2336
Renal failure in cirrhosis: Emerging concepts
Paulo Lisboa Bittencourt, Alberto Queiroz Farias, Carlos Terra
Paulo Lisboa Bittencourt, Unit of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Portuguese Hospital, Salvador, BA 40140-901, Brazil
Alberto Queiroz Farias, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP 054003-000, Brazil
Carlos Terra, Pedro Ernesto University Hospital, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20551-030, Brazil
Author contributions: Bittencourt PL, Farias AQ and Terra C contributed equally to this work, writing and reviewing the manuscript and generating the tables.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest related to the manuscript.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Paulo Lisboa Bittencourt, MD, Unit of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Portuguese Hospital, Clementino Fraga 220, Apto 1901, Ondina, Salvador, BA 40170-050, Brazil. plbbr@uol.com.br
Telephone: +55-71-2033457 Fax: +55-71-2033456
Received: June 27, 2015 Peer-review started: June 29, 2015 First decision: August 5, 2015 Revised: August 29, 2015 Accepted: September 7, 2015 Article in press: September 8, 2015 Published online: September 28, 2015
Abstract
Acute renal failure, now termed acute kidney injury (AKI), is frequently found in patients with cirrhosis. The occurrence of AKI, irrespective of the underlying cause, is associated with reduced in-hospital, 3-mo and 1-year survival. Hepatorenal syndrome is associated with the worst outcome among AKI patients with cirrhosis. Several definitions for AKI that have been proposed are outlined and evaluated in this paper. Among these, the International Club for Ascites-AKI criteria substantially strengthen the quality of early diagnosis and intervention according to underlying cause of AKI.
Core tip: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is frequently observed in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and is associated with increased mortality. Recently a new definition for AKI has been proposed by the International Club of Ascites in order to allow early diagnosis and management of AKI in cirrhosis with the purpose of reducing its mortality, particularly with the occurrence of hepatorenal syndrome.
