Ability of bone graft substitutes to support the osteoprogenitor cells: An in-vitro study

Figure 1 Live (Green)/Dead (Red) staining and scanning electron microscopy images of some bone graft substitutes (magnification is 100 unless otherwise stated). A: Highly porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), (Freshly Isolated group); B: Highly porous β-TCP (Freshly Isolated group); C: Highly porous β-TCP (Culture expanded group); D: Highly porous β-TCP (Culture expanded group); E: β-TCP (Freshly Isolated group); F: β-TCP (Freshly Isolated group); G: β-TCP (Culture expanded group); H: β-TCP (Culture expanded group); I: Hydroxyapatite (Freshly Isolated group) - (Magnification × 200); J: Hydroxyapatite (Freshly Isolated group); K: Hydroxyapatite (Culture expanded group); L: Hydroxyapatite (Culture expanded group).

Figure 2 Scanning electron microscopy images of some bone graft substitutes in the negative control group. A, B: Highly porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) - (Negative control group); C, D: β-TCP (Negative control group); E, F: Hydroxyapatite (Negative control group); G, H: Calcium sulphate (Negative control group).

Figure 3 Normalisation of alkaline phosphatase activity to DNA content (mean ± SD). In descending order from right to left for the freshly isolated group. β-TCP: β-tricalcium phosphate; CS: Calcium sulphate; HA: Hydroxyapatite; PLGA: Poly (Lactide-co-Glycolide); PG: Polygraft.