Basic Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2016. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Stem Cells. Oct 26, 2016; 8(10): 355-366
Published online Oct 26, 2016. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v8.i10.355
Characterization and genetic manipulation of primed stem cells into a functional naïve state with ESRRB
Ricardo Antonio Rossello, Andreas Pfenning, Jason T Howard, Ute Hochgeschwender
Ricardo Antonio Rossello, Department of Science and Technology, Sistema Universitario Ana G. Méndez, Metropolitan University, San Juan 00928, Puerto Rico
Ricardo Antonio Rossello, Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico - Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00921, Puerto Rico
Andreas Pfenning, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
Jason T Howard, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6789, United States
Ute Hochgeschwender, Duke Neurotransgenic Laboratory, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
Author contributions: Rossello RA contributed to conception and design, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data, drafting or revising the article, contributed unpublished essential data or reagents; Pfenning A contributed to analysis and interpretation of data and revising the article; Howard JT contributed to acquisition of data, revising the article, contributed unpublished essential data or reagents; Hochgeschwender U contributed to conception and contributed unpublished essential data or reagents.
Supported by Partially by an NIH translational training, No. T32NS051156; a seed grant from the University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, No. 400100420002; the Metropolitan University seed grant; and the Duke Neurotransgenic Laboratory, supported, in part, with funding from NIH-NINDS Center Core, No. 5P30NS061789.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved ethically by the Duke University (# 09-6152-01).
Institutional animal care and use committee statement: The Duke University and Duke University Medical Center Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) approved protocol A262-12-10.
Conflict-of-interest statement: Authors have no conflicts of interest.
Data sharing statement: All data sets were submitted as tables.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Dr. Ricardo Antonio Rossello, Department of Science and Technology, Sistema Universitario Ana G. Méndez, Metropolitan University, Ave. Ana G. Méndez Cupey, San Juan 00928, Puerto Rico. ricardo.rossello@upr.edu
Telephone: +1-787-7661717
Received: January 14, 2016
Peer-review started: January 15, 2016
First decision: March 1, 2016
Revised: July 21, 2016
Accepted: August 6, 2016
Article in press: August 8, 2016
Published online: October 26, 2016
Core Tip

Core tip: Derivation and culturing of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from gene targeting to injection into blastocysts for chimera generation is a lengthy process that is difficult to control. Some stem cells might be in a primed state, having lost some of their characteristics, most importantly their pluripotency. These differences between ESC clones are usually only detected after many months by the failure of chimeric males to transmit the ESC genome through the germline. Here we have determined key expression differences between cells in a primed state and those in a presumed ground state. Detection of these differences will give researchers a powerful tool to quickly distinguish these cells, saving time, money and effort by choosing the best clones to go forward with. Furthermore, we were able to rescue the ground state through overexpression, indicating that the fate of these cells may potentially be controlled.