Effect of vanadium on colonic aberrant crypt foci induced in rats by 1,2 Dimethyl hydrazine

Table 1 Chemopreventive efficacy of vanadium on DMH-induced ACF in Sprague Dawley rats

Group	Number of rats/Group	Number of ACF per rat colon (mean ± SE)	Inhibition (%)
Normal Control A	10	-	-
DMH Control B	10	112 ± 3.2	-
DMH + V C	10	38 ± 3.1a	66.07
V Control D	10	-	-

^aP < 0.001 vs DMH-only group B by Student’s t test.

Table 2 Chemopreventive efficacy of 0.5-ppm vanadium (supplemented ad libitum through drinking water) on the incidence and multiplicity of DMH induced rat colonic tumors

Group	Number of rats		Colon tumor incidence (percentage of tumor bearing rats)	Total number of tumors			Colon tumor multiplicity (mean tumor/animal, Mean ± SD)
	Total	Total Tumor counts		Adenoma	Carcinoma	All neoplasia	Adenoma	Carcinoma	All neoplasia
A	10	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
B	10	10	100	97	64	120	9.7 ± 0.3	6.4 ± 0.1	12 ± 0.1
C	10	06	60a	23	16	31	2.3 ± 0.2	1.6 ± 0.2	3.1 ± 0.1b
D	10	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

^aP < 0.01 vs DMH-only group B by Fischer’s exact probability test;

^bP < 0.05 vs Group B by Student’s t-test.

Table 3 DMH-induced colon tumor burden in Male Sprague Dawley rats fed Vanadium (0.5 ppm) ad libitum through drinking water

Group	Number of rats/group	Mean colonic length (cm) (Y)	Mean colon tumor burden (sum of the tumor size, mean ± SD) (cm)			X/Y
			Adenoma	Carcinoma	All neoplasia (X)
A	10	24	-	-	-	-
B	10	24	3.67 ± 3.2b	5.96 ± 9.7	9.56 ± 12.05	0.39
C	10	22	0.87 ± 1.6	1.19 ± 2.9	1.92 ± 2.93a	0.08
D	10	20	-	-	-	-

^aP < 0.05 vs Group B by Student’s t-test.

Table 4 Liver GST and Cyt P-450 activities (mean ± SE, n = 10)

Group	Cyt P-450 activity (mU/mg protein)	GST-CDNB (mU/mg protein)
A Normal Control	0.62 ± 0.06	0.83 ± 0.10
B DMH-Control	0.20 ± 0.03d	0.45 ± 0.03a
C DMH + V	0.41 ± 0.01e	1.98 ± 0.09f
D V-Control	0.47 ± 0.05	0.90 ± 0.19

^aP < 0.001 vs Group A, ^bP < 0.05 vs Group A, ^cP < 0.001 vs Group B,

^dP < 0.02 vs Group B.

Table 5 PCNA-labeling index of colonic mucosa of rats treated with DMH, supplemented with vanadium (V) 0.5-ppm ad libitium in drinking water (means ± SD)

Group	No of rats	ACF (Numbers of ACF or crypts)
A Normal control	10	-
B DMH control	10	35 ± 5 (10)
C DMH + V	10	23.6 ± 2a (10)
D V Control	10	-

^aP < 0.005 vs Group B by Student’s t-test.