Preliminary prospective study of real-time post-gastrectomy glycemic fluctuations during dumping symptoms using continuous glucose monitoring

Table 1 Patient demographic and clinical features

	DG-BI, n = 10	DG-RY, n = 10	TG-RY, n = 10	P value
Sex, n (%)				0.30
Male	3 (30)	6 (60)	6 (60)
Female	7 (70)	4 (40)	4 (40)
Age, yr (IQR)	60 (48-70)	63 (55-68)	62 (46-70)	0.97
Period from operation, mo (IQR)	7.1 (6.7-19.2)	23.5 (19.5-26.6)	20.3 (14.9-26.1)	0.01
Body mass index, kg/m2 (IQR)	19.0 (16.1-23.1)	21.3 (18.4-23.5)	20.5 (19.4-23.1)	0.32
Serum total protein, g/dL (IQR)	7.1 (6.8-7.4)	7.0 (6.7-7.3)	6.8 (6.5-7.3)	0.57
Serum prealbumin, mg/dL (IQR)	23.4 (18.6-28.7)	23.0 (21.8-29.3)	22.0 (18.4-26.5)	0.62
Serum albumin, g/dL (IQR)	4.3 (4.2-4.6)	4.2 (4.0-4.5)	4.1 (4.1-4.3)	0.45
Serum hemoglobin, g/dL (IQR)	12.9 (12.2-14.3)	13.6 (12.2-15.0)	12.1 (11.3-13.2)	0.21
Blood glucose level, mg/dL (IQR)	96 (95-99)	96 (89-114)	93 (88-100)	0.73
HbA1c, % (IQR)	5.7 (5.3-5.9)	5.7 (5.6-5.9)	5.6 (5.5-5.8)	0.73
Approach				< 0.01
Open	0 (0)	2 (20)	6 (60)
Laparoscopic	10 (100)	8 (80)	4 (40)
Lymph node dissection, n (%)				< 0.01
D1+	10 (100)	5 (50)	2 (20)
D2	0 (0)	5 (50)	8 (80)
pStage, n (%)				< 0.01
I	10 (100)	9 (90)	3 (30)
II	0 (0)	1 (10)	7 (70)

DG-BI: Distal gastrectomy with Billroth I reconstruction; DG-RY: Distal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction; HbA1c: Hemoglobin A1c; IQR: Interquartile range; TG-RY: Total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction.

Table 2 Details of early dumping symptoms in all patients, n (%)

	Early dumping symptoms
	All, N-symp = 185	DG-BI, N-symp = 80	DG-RY, N-symp = 35	TG-RY, N-symp = 70	P value
Borborygmi	49 (26.5)	14 (17.5)	9 (25.7)	26 (37.1)	0.02
Bloating	47 (25.4)	28 (35.0)	4 (11.4)	15 (21.4)	0.01
Abdominal pain	21 (11.4)	9 (11.3)	2 (5.7)	10 (14.3)	0.42
Drowsiness	21 (11.4)	9 (11.3)	8 (22.9)	4 (5.7)	0.03
Palpitation	15 (8.1)	3 (3.8)	2 (5.7)	10 (14.3)	0.05
Weakness	11 (5.9)	6 (7.5)	3 (8.6)	2 (2.9)	0.37
Others	21 (11.4)	11 (13.8)	7 (20.0)	3 (4.3)	0.03

DG-BI: Distal gastrectomy with Billroth I reconstruction; DG-RY: Distal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction; N-symp: Total number of dumping symptoms; TG-RY: Total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction.

Table 3 Details of late dumping symptoms in all patients, n (%)

	Late dumping symptoms
	All, N-symp = 62	DG-BI, N-symp = 28	DG-RY, N-symp = 12	TG-RY, N-symp = 22	P value
Cold sweat	9 (14.5)	3 (10.7)	2 (16.7)	4 (18.2)	0.73
Drowsiness	8 (12.9)	3 (10.7)	1 (8.3)	4 (18.2)	0.64
Diarrhea	8 (12.9)	5 (17.9)	3 (25.0)	0 (0)	0.06
Weakness	6 (9.7)	3 (10.7)	0 (0)	3 (13.6)	0.42
Bloating	6 (9.7)	3 (10.7)	1 (8.3)	2 (9.1)	0.96
Abdominal pain	6 (9.7)	1 (3.6)	3 (25.0)	2 (9.1)	0.10
Borborygmi	5 (8.1)	3 (10.7)	2 (16.7)	0 (0)	0.18
Palpitations	4 (6.5)	1 (3.6)	0 (0)	3 (13.6)	0.21
Tremulousness	4 (6.5)	2 (7.1)	0 (0)	2 (9.1)	0.57
Others	6 (9.7)	4 (14.3)	0 (0)	2 (9.1)	0.37

DG-BI: Distal gastrectomy with Billroth I reconstruction; DG-RY: Distal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction; N-symp: Total number of dumping symptoms; TG-RY: Total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction.