Prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment of primary hepatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Table 1 Case reports of primary hepatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Ref.	Year	Nation	Age/sex	Symptom	Location/n	Size in cm	Tumor presentation	Rupture	Treatment	Cell morphology	Mitotic, /50 HPFs	IH (+)	Ki67, %	Test for gene mutation	Risk	Recurrence	OS
[25]	2003	United States	79/F	Short of breath	R/1	15	Solid + cyst	No	HR	S	20	CD117, CD34	15	No	High	16/Met	20/A
[42]	2006	Italy	37/M	No symptom	R/1	18	Solid + cyst	No	HR	S	20	CD117	NA	No	High	14/Met	39/A
[51]	2006	China	62/M	AP	R + L/2	14.5	Solid + cyst	No	HR	S	NA	CD117, CD34	NA	No	High	NA	NA
[52]	2006	China	45/M	AP	R/> 3	20	Cyst	No	Drainage	S	35	CD117, CD34	50	No	High	3/DFS	NA
[26]	2007	China	67/M	Short of breath, distention	L/1	44	Solid + cyst	No	HR	NA	> 3	CD117, CD34	NA	No	High	4/DFS	4/A
[53]	2008	China	48/F	No symptom	L/1	4.3	Solid + cyst	No	Chemo	NA	NA	CD117	NA	No	NA	NA	NA
[44]	2009	China	17/M	No symptom	R/1	5.1	Solid	No	RFA	S	0	CD117, CD34	NA	No	High	3/DFS	3/A
[54]	2009	Japan	30/M	Abdominal fullness	R + L/1	20	Solid + cyst	No	HR	S + E	75	CD117, CD34	NA	Yes, negative	High	24/Rec + Met	108/A
[33]	2010	Japan	70/M	Appetite reduced	L/1	20	Solid	No	HR	E	1	CD34	NA	Yes, PDGFRA 12	High	NA	NA
[55]	2010	China	40/F	No symptom	L/1	18	Cyst	No	HR	S	> 5	CD117	> 5	No	High	12/DFS	12/A
[56]	2012	China	53/M	Abdominal discomfort	R/1	20	Solid + cyst	No	No treatment	NA	NA	CD117, CD34, DOG-1	NA	No	High	NA	NA
[57]	2012	China	65/F	No symptom	R/1	NA	Solid + cyst	No	Chemo	S	NA	CD117, CD34	NA	No	High	NA	NA
[58]	2013	China	66/F	Distention	L/1	8.6	Solid + cyst	No	HR	S	35	CD117	NA	No	High	12/Rec + Met	13/D
[59]	2013	China	71/M	No symptom	R / 1	10	Solid	No	HR	S	NA	CD117, CD34, DOG-1	NA	No	High	NA	NA
[60]	2014	India	55/F	AP, Appetite reduced	R + L/3	18	Solid	No	HR	S	10	CD117	NA	No	High	7/DFS	7/A
[28]	2014	Korea	71/M	Nausea, indigestion	L/1	7	Solid + cyst	No	HR	S	30-32	CD117, DOG-1	NA	No	High	19/DFS	19/A
[31]	2014	China	56/M	No symptom	R + L/1	10	Cyst	No	HR	S	< 5	CD117	NA	No	High	12/DFS	12/A
[24]	2014	India	41/F	AP, weight loss	R/2	15	Solid + cyst	No	HR	S	NA	CD117	NA	No	High	5/DFS	5/A
[37]	2015	China	60/F	No symptom	R + C/1	19	Solid + cyst	No	HR + AT	S	10	CD117, DOG-1	NA	Yes, KIT exon 11	High	12/DFS	12/A
[61]	2015	China	65/M	AP, appetite reduced	L/1	12	Solid + cyst	No	Chemo	S	25	CD117	NA	Yes, negative	High	13/Met	13/D
[36]	2015	China	67/F	No symptom	R/1	7.4	Solid + cyst	No	HR	S + E	8	CD117, CD34	NA	Yes, KIT exon 11	High	14/Rec	50/A
[62]	2015	China	48/F	AP	L/1	17.6	Solid + cyst	No	HR	NA	NA	CD117, CD34, DOG-1	NA	No	High	NA	NA
[45]	2016	China	56/F	No symptom	L/1	2.4	Solid	No	MWA	S	1-2	CD117	60	No	High	17/Met	17/A
[63]	2016	Chile	61/M	AP	L/1	15	Solid + cyst	No	HR	NA	NA	CD117, CD34	NA	No	High	NA	NA
[64]	2016	China	61/M	No symptom	C/1	7.3	Solid + cyst	No	HR	S	NA	CD117, CD34, DOG-1	2	No	High	11/DFS	11/A
[32]	2016	Japan	70/F	No symptom	L/1	6.8	Solid + cyst	No	HR	S	35-40	CD117, CD34	NA	No	High	10/DFS	10/A
[65]	2016	China	63/M	No symptom	R/1	13	Solid + cyst	No	HR	S	> 5	CD117, CD34	NA	No	High	60/DFS	60/A
[11]	2019	China	64/F	AP	R/1	15	Solid + cyst	No	HR	S	> 5	CD117	NA	Yes, PDGFRA 12	High	5/DFS	5/A
[27]	2017	China	50/F	Onset AP	R/1	15	Solid + cyst	Yes	HR	S	70	CD117, CD34	NA	No	High	6/Met	6/A
[66]	2017	China	57/F	No symptom	L/1	4	Solid + cyst	No	HR	S	NA	CD117, DOG-1	10	No	NA	6/DFS	6/A
[43]	2017	China	45/F	No symptom	R + L/> 3	11.5	Solid	No	TACE + HR	S	5	CD117, CD34, DOG-1	3	Yes, negative	High	1/Met	18/A
[30]	2017	Spanish	41/M	Abdominal discomfort	R + L/1	20	Solid	No	HR	S	5	CD117, DOG-1	10	Yes, KIT exon 11	High	18/DFS	18/A
[23]	2018	France	56/M	AP	R/1	10	Solid	No	TACE + HR + T + Chemo	S	8	CD117, CD34	NA	No	High	12/Rec	264/D
		France	59/F	AP, weight loss	R + L/1	23	Solid + cyst	No	Chemo	S + E	42	CD117, DOG-1	30	Yes, KIT exon 9	High	18/DFS	18/A
[67]	2018	China	74/M	Abdominal discomfort	R/1	5.5	Solid + cyst	No	HR	S	< 5	CD117, DOG-1	15	No	High	NA	NA

AP: Abdominal pain; AT: Autotransplantation; C: Caudate lobe of liver; Chemo: Chemotherapy; DFS: Disease-free survival; E: Epithelioid; F: Female; HPF: High-power field; HR: Hepatic resection; IH: Immunohistochemistry; L: Left lobe of liver; M: Male (sex), and median lobe of liver (location); Met: Metastasis; MWA: Microwave ablation; NA: Not available; OS: Overall survival; R: Right lobe of liver; Rec: Recurrence; RFA: Radiofrequency ablation; S: Spindle; TACE: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization; T: Transplantation.