Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2018.
World J Gastroenterol. Jun 14, 2018; 24(22): 2392-2399
Published online Jun 14, 2018. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i22.2392
Table 1 Comparison of patient demographic and clinical characteristics n (%)
Head group (n = 131)Body/tail group (n = 16)P value
Age, median (range), yr71.0 (29-97)66.5 (26-81)0.052
Male/female69/6211/50.29
Pancreatic calcification4 (3.1)11 (6.3)0.45
Parapapillary diverticulum38 (29.5)25 (31.2)1.0
Diameter of the MPD, median (range), mm3.1 (0.7-22.0)3.7 (1.5-13.8)0.15
Diagnosis
Left hepatic duct extension1
Biliary stricture
Benign5
Malignant
Pancreatic cancer247
Biliary tract cancer333
Hepatocellular carcinoma3
Obstructive jaundice by metastatic cancer
Barrett’s esophageal cancer1
Colon cancer4
Gastric cancer2
Uterine cancer1
Bladder cancer1
Ovarian cancer1
Suppression of lymph node swelling1
Central bile duct stone474
Primary sclerosing cholangitis11
Gallbladder adenomyosis3
IPNB1
Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction1
Biliary cysts1
Lemmel syndrome1
Table 2 Comparison of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedures n (%)
Head group (n = 131)Body/tail group (n = 16)P value
EST98 (75.4)15 (93.8)0.12
Precut of Vater’s papilla43 (33.1)5 (31.3)1
EPBD8 (6.2)0 (0)0.6
Pancreatic stent migration within 1 wk26 (19.8)0 (0)0.076
Procedure time, median (range), min60 (20-150)160 (40-120)20.31
Type of stent
Zimmon 5 Fr, 2 cm3
Zimmon 5 Fr, 4 cm1
Geenen 5 Fr, 3 cm59
Geenen 5 Fr, 5 cm58
Geenen 5 Fr, 7 cm1112
Geenen 5 Fr, 9 cm4
p-AMY after ERCP, median (range), IU/L138.5 (7.0-2086)378.5 (5.0-1266.5)0.03
PEP12 (9.2)0 (0)0.363
Mild2
Moderate8
Severe2
Table 3 Risk factors of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography hyperamylasemia (≥ pancreatic amylase isoenzyme median, 131 IU/L) (univariate analysis) n
p-AMY < 131 IU/L1 (n = 70)p-AMY ≥ 131 IU/L1 (n = 70)P value
Age (≥ 71 yr)29410.063
Gender (male/female)40/3035/350.5
Pancreatic calcification321
Parapapillary diverticulum27160.043
MPD ≥ 3.2 mm36361.0
EST52550.69
EPBD331.0
Precut of Vater’s papilla18260.20
Stent inserted pancreatic head58660.06
Pancreatic stent migration within a week11121.0
Procedure time ≥ 60 min45570.048
Table 4 Risk factors for post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography hyperamylasemia (≥ pancreatic amylase isoenzyme median, 131 IU/L) (multivariate analysis by logistic regression with backward stepwise selection)
OR95%CIP value
Procedure time ≥ 60 min2.651.17-6.020.020
Stent insertion into the pancreatic head3.801.12-12.90.032