Updated therapeutic outcome for patients with periampullary and pancreatic cancer related to recent translational research

Table 1 Important clinical trials in metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Ref.	Year published	Investigated drugs	Clinical outcome
			OS	ORR
Burris et al[39]	1997	Gemcitabine vs 5-FU	5.65 mo vs 4.4 mo	5.4% vs 0.0%
Ueno et al[40]	2005	S-1 (quasi mesenchymal and oteracil)	5.6 mo	21.1%
Moore et al[41]	2007	Gemcitabine vs erlotinib	5.91 mo vs 6.24 mo	8.0% vs 8.6%
Conroy et al[42]	2011	Gemcitabine vs Oxaliplatin + irinotecan + leucoverin + 5-FU (FOLFIRINOX)	6.80 mo vs 11.10 mo	9.4% vs 31.6%
Von Hoff et al[43]	2013	Gemcitabine vs gemcitabine + nab-paclitaxel	6.70 mo vs 8.50 mo	7.0% vs 23.0 %

OS: Overall survival; ORR: Overall response rate; 5-FU: 5-Fluorouraci.

Table 2 Important clinical trials evaluating adjuvant chemotherapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Ref.	Year published	Investigated drugs	Number of patients	Clinical outcome
				Median survival (mo)	5-year survival (%)
Neoptolemos et al[19,52] (ESPAC 1)	2001 and 2004	5-FU/FA vs No chemotherapy	149/143	20.1/15.5	21.0/8.0
Oettle et al[53]	2007	Gemcitabine vs No chemotherapy	179/175	22.1/20.2	22.5/11.5
Neoptolemos et al[20] (ESPAC 3)	2010	Gemcitabine vs 5-FU/FA	539/551	23.6/23.0	17.5/15.9
Neoptolemos et al[20] (ESPAC 4)	2016	Gemcitabine vs Gemcitabine + Capecitabine	366/364	25.5/28.0	16.3/28.8
Uesaka et al[55]	2016	Gemcitabine vs S1	193/192	24.5/46.5	24.4/44.1

5-FU: 5-Fluorouraci; FA: Folinic acid; ESPAC: European Study Group for Pancreatic Cancer.