Potential model for differential diagnosis between Crohn's disease and primary intestinal lymphoma

Table 1 Demographic, clinical and laboratory parameters of Crohn’s disease and primary intestinal lymphoma patients n (%)

Parameters	CD	PIL	P value	Score
	n = 85	n = 56
Gender (male/female)	48/37	32/24	0.937	N/A
Age of onset	32.0 ± 9.9	52.8 ± 16.3	< 0.001	1
Height (cm)	166.1 ± 6.6	164.6 ± 7.3	0.189	N/A
Weight (kg)	59.3 ± 9.4	57.7 ± 10.2	0.346	N/A
Symptom duration (mo)	16 (11-19)	2 (1-6)	< 0.001	-1
Abdominal pain	64 (75.3)	39 (69.6)	0.459	N/A
Diarrhea	60 (70.6)	15 (26.8)	< 0.001	1
Abdominal distension	29 (34.1)	21 (37.5)	0.681	N/A
Nausea	12 (14.1)	13 (23.2)	0.166	N/A
Hematochezia	22 (25.9)	11 (19.6)	0.392	N/A
Fever	13 (15.3)	15 (26.8)	0.094	N/A
Weight loss	42 (49.4)	32 (57.1)	0.368	N/A
Abdominal mass	5 (5.9)	9 (16.1)	0.048	-1
Perianal lesions	37 (43.5)	2 (3.6)	< 0.001	1
History of GI surgery	12 (14.1)	4 (7.1)	0.189	N/A
Perforation	4 (4.7)	5 (8.9)	0.515	N/A
Extraintestinal manifestation	6 (7.1)	2 (3.6)	0.614	N/A
Hemoglobin(g/L)	106.9 ± 17.8	109.7 ± 22.4	0.408	N/A
Hematocrit	35.1 ± 3.9	33.9 ± 5.7	0.127	N/A
Platelet (1 × 109/L)	263.7 ± 96.2	261.2 ± 116.5	0.890	N/A
Albumin (g/L)	29.7 ± 6.1	31.3 ± 7.0	0.151	N/A
Elevated ESR	53 (62.4)	28 (50.0)	0.147	N/A
Elevated CRP	59 (69.4)	31 (55.4)	0.089	N/A
Elevated lactate dehydrogenase	2 (2.4)	8 (14.3)	0.018	-1
Elevated serum β2-microglobulin	0 (0.0)	12 (21.4)	< 0.001	-1

CD: Crohn’s disease; PIL: Primary intestinal lymphoma.

Table 2 Endoscopic parameters of Crohn’s disease and primary intestinal lymphoma patients n (%)

Parameters	CD	PIL	P value	Score
	n = 85	n = 56
Multiple-site lesions	73 (85.9)	19 (33.9)	< 0.001	1
Pseudo-polyp formation	26 (30.6)	10 (17.9)	0.090	N/A
Aphthoid ulcer	37 (43.5)	21 (37.5)	0.477	N/A
Longitudinal ulcer	69 (81.2)	5 (8.9)	< 0.001	1
Irregular ulcer	31 (36.5)	32 (57.1)	0.016	-1
Intraluminal proliferative mass	11 (12.9)	31 (55.4)	< 0.001	-1
Bowel stricture	27 (31.8)	15 (26.8)	0.527	N/A
Anorectal involvement	13 (15.3)	4 (7.1)	0.146	N/A

CD: Crohn’s disease; PIL: Primary intestinal lymphoma.

Table 3 Computed tomography enterography parameters of Crohn’s disease and primary intestinal lymphoma patients n (%)

Parameters	CD	PIL	P value	Score
	n = 85	n = 56
Involvement of ≤ 3 segments	31 (36.5)	45 (80.4)	< 0.001	-1
Circular thickening of bowel wall	33 (38.8)	35 (62.5)	0.006	-1
Wall thickness of > 8 mm	21 (24.7)	45 (80.4)	< 0.001	-1
Aneurysmal dilation	5 (5.9)	27 (48.2)	< 0.001	-1
Target sign	25 (29.4)	12 (21.4)	0.292	N/A
Enhancement after a contrast-enhanced scan	67 (78.8)	37 (66.1)	0.092	N/A
Stricture with proximal dilation	19 (22.4)	4 (7.1)	0.017	1
Abscess	7 (8.2)	2 (3.6)	0.449	N/A
Phlegmon	8 (9.4)	2 (3.6)	0.324	N/A
Ascites	5 (5.9)	7 (12.5)	0.174	N/A
“Comb sign”	61 (71.8)	18 (32.1)	< 0.001	1
Enlargement of the abdominal lymph nodes	42 (49.4)	36 (64.3)	0.082	N/A
Enhanced density of the peri-intestinal fat	30 (35.3)	26 (46.4)	0.186	N/A
Mass showing the “sandwich sign”	2 (2.4)	9 (16.1)	< 0.001	-1
Intussusceptions	0 (0.0)	3 (5.4)	0.031	-1

CD: Crohn’s disease; PIL: Primary intestinal lymphoma.