Endocytoscopic narrow-band imaging efficiency for evaluation of inflammatory activity in ulcerative colitis

Table 1 Mayo endoscopic score for ulcerative colitis

0	Normal or inactive disease
1	Mild disease: erythema, decreased vascular pattern, mild friability
2	Moderate disease: marked erythema, absent vascular pattern, friability, erosions
3	Severe disease:spontaneous bleeding, ulceration

Table 2 Geboes index

Grade 0	Structural (architectural change)
Subgrades
0.0	No abnormality
0.1	Mild abnormality
0.2	Mild or moderate diffuse or multifocal abnormalities
0.3	Severe diffuse or multifocal abnormalities
Grade 1	Chronic inflammatory infiltrate
Subgrades
1.0	No increase
1.1	Mild but unequivocal increase
1.2	Moderate increase
1.3	Marked increase
Grade 2	Lamina propria neutrophils and eosinophils
2A Eosinophils
2A. 0	No increase
2A.1	Mild but unequivocal increase
2A.2	Moderate increase
2A.3	Marked increase
2B Neutrophils
2B. 0	None
2B.1	Mild but unequivocal increase
2B.2	Moderate increase
2B.3	Marked increase
Grade 3	Neutrophils in epithelium
3.0	None
3.1	< 5% crypts involved
3.2	< 50% crypts involved
3.3	> 50% crypts involved
Grade 4	Crypt destruction
4.0	None
4.1	Probable-local excess of neutrophils in part of crypt
4.2	Probable-marked attenuation
4.3	Unequivocal crypt destruction
Grade 5	Erosion or ulceration
5.0	No erosion, ulceration, or granulation tissue
5.1	Recovering epithelium + adjacent inflammation
5.2	Probable erosion-focally stripped
5.3	Unequivocal erosion
5.4	Ulcer or granulation tissue

Table 3 Profiles of enrolled patients

Total number of patients	40
Sex, M/F	19/21
Age, yr	46.7
Disease duration, yr	20
Type of UC
Total colitis	20
Left-sided	6
Proctitis	14
Clinical course
Relapsing–remitting type	21
Chronic continuous type	11
One attack only	8
Treatment
5-ASA	39
SASP	10
Mesalazine	33
Prednisolone	2
AZA	4
CAP	1
No medication	1

Table 4 Correlation between the endocytoscopic narrow-band imaging findings and the Geboes index and between the Mayo endoscopic score and the Geboes index

Geboes index	EC-NBI			Mayo endoscopic score			Total
	Obscure	Visible	Dilated	0	1	2
1	17	1	0	12	6	0	18
2	4	3	0	5	2	0	7
3	0	6	1	2	5	0	7
4	0	7	11	1	7	10	18
5	0	0	2	0	1	1	2
	the Spearman rank correlation coefficient
	r = 0.871, P < 0.01			r = 0.665, P < 0.01

EC-NBI: Endocytoscopic narrow-band imaging.

Table 5 Differential diagnosis between inactive and active ulcerative colitis using the endocytoscopic narrow-band imaging finding and the Mayo endoscopic score

	Acute inflammation			Acute inflammation
EC-NBI finding	-	+	Mayo score	-	+
Obscure	21	0	0/1	25	16
Visible/dilated	4	27	2	0	11

Geboes index ≤ 3.0; acute inflammation +: Geboes index > 3.0.

Table 6 Comparison of the diagnostic abiSensitivityacute inflammation between the endocytoscopic narrow-band imaging finding and the Mayo endoscopic score

	EC-NBI	Mayo score	P value
Sensitivity	84.0%	100%	P = 0.110
Specificity	100%	40.7%	P < 0.001
PPV	87.1%	100%	P = 0.568
NPV	100%	61.0%	P = 0.001
Accuracy	92.3%	69.2%	P = 0.047

NPV: Negative predictive value; PPV: Positive predictive value. EC-NBI: Endocytoscopic narrow-band imaging.