Negative impact of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis

Table 1 Preclinical studies of mesenchymal stem cells therapy for inflammatory bowel disease

Ref.	Model	Induction method	MSC source	Dose	Injection route	Time	Characteristic	Outcome
Kim et al[11]	C57BL/6	2% DSS	Xenogeneic: Rat (Sprague-Dawley) BM	1 × 105	sc	0, 3, 6 d	IL-12p40-transduced	Positive
						6, 9, 12 d
He et al[10]	BALB/c	4% DSS	Syngeneic: Mouse (BALB/c) BM	1 × 106	iv	2, 5, 8 d	Multiple injection	Positive
Parekkadan et al[12]	C57BL/6 RAG-1-/-	CD4+CD45RBhi 5 × 105	Allogeneic: Mouse (Aire-/-) BM	2.5 × 105	iv	0, 3 wk	Aire-/- injection	Positive
		iv injection
Ko et al[9]	C57BL/6	5% DSS	Allogeneic: Mouse (C57BL-10 × CBA/CA) BM	1 × 106	iv	2 d	MAdCAM-1- VCAM-1-Ab-coated	Positive
Gonzalez-Rey et al[49]	C57BL/6	a: 5% DSS	Xenogeneic: Human adipose	a: 1-50 × 105 hMSC, 1 × 106 mMSC c: 1 × 106 hMSC	ip	a: 2 d	hMSC	Positive
		c: 3% DSS	Syngeneic: Mouse (C57BL/6) BM			c: 7 d of each cycle
			Allogeneic: Mouse (BALB/c) BM

a: Acute; BM: Bone marrow; c: Chronic; DSS: Dextran sulfate sodium; hMSC: Human mesenchymal stem cells; MAdCAM-1: Mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1; mMSC: Mouse mesenchymal stem cells; MSC: Mesenchymal stem cells; VCAM-1: Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1.

Table 2 Clinical trials of adipose-derived stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells inflammatory bowel disease therapies

Ref.	Disease	Phase	No. of patients	Stem cell source	Route	Outcome
de la Portilla et al[15]	Complex perianal fistula	I/II	24	ASC; Allo-adipose	Intralesional	Improved
Lee et al[20]	Crohn’s fistula	II	43	ASC; Allo-adipose	Intralesional	Improved
Cho et al[13]	Crohn’s fistula	I	10	ASC; Allo-adipose	Intrafistula	Improved
Herreros et al[19]	Complex cryptoglandular perianal fistula	III	200	ASC; Allo-adipose	Intrafistula	Improved
Guadalajara et al[18]	Complex perianal fistula	II	24	ASC; Allo-liposuction	Intrafistula	Improved
Ciccocioppo et al[14]	Crohn’s fistula	I/II	12	MSC; Allo-BM	Intrafistula	Improved
Garcia-Olmo et al[17]	Complex perianal fistula	II	14	ASC; Auto-adipose	Intrafistula	Improved
García-Olmo et al[16]	Crohn’s fistula	I	10	ASC; Allo-adipose	Intrafistula	Improved

ASC: Adipose-derived stem cells; MSC: Mesenchymal stem cells.