Prognostic factors and survival in patients with gastric stump cancer

Table 1 Clinicopathologic features of the 92 patients with gastric stump cancer n (%)

Characteristic	Value
Age (yr)1	60.8 ± 10.0
Sex
Male	75 (81)
Female	17 (19)
Initial gastric disease
Benign	38 (41)
Malignant	54 (59)
Interval time from initial surgery (yr)1	16.5 ± 13.0
Regular follow-up after primary surgery
Yes	76 (83)
No	16 (17)
Reconstruction of primary surgery
Billroth-I	26 (28)
Billroth-II	65 (71)
Roux-en-Y	1 (1)
Location
Anastomotic	59 (64)
Non-anastomotic	33 (36)
Tumor size (mm)1	4.0 ± 2.0
Borrmann type
I	3 (3)
II	13 (14)
III	69 (75)
IV	7 (8)
Depth of invasion
T1	0 (0)
T2	6 (7)
T3	5 (5)
T4	81(88)
Lymph node involvement
N0	35 (38)
≥ N1	57 (62)
Presence of distant metastasis
M0	63 (68)
≥ M1	29 (32)
Stage
I	8 (9)
II	25 (26)
III	30 (33)
IV	29 (32)
Histology
Differentiated	18 (20)
Undifferentiated	74 (80)
Type of treatment
Curative resection	58 (63)
Palliative resection	12 (13)
Chemotherapy/radiotherapy	16 (17)
No treatment	6 (7)

¹Age, tumor size and disease-free time are mean ± SD.

Table 2 Comparison of baseline characteristics according to tumor stage n (%)

Variable		I (n = 8)	II (n = 25)	III (n = 30)	IV (n = 29)
Histology	Differentiated	4 (4.3)	6 (6.5)	6 (6.5)	2 (2.2)
	Undifferentiated	4 (4.3)	19 (20.6)	24 (26.1)	27 (29.3)
Tumor Location	Anastomotic	4 (4.3)	17 (18.5)	21 (22.8)	17 (18.5)
	Non-anastomotic	4 (4.3)	8 (8.7)	9 (9.8)	12 (13.0)
Initial gastric disease	Benign disease	4 (4.3)	8 (8.7)	13 (14.1)	13 (14.1)
	Gastric cancer	9 (9.8)	17 (18.5)	17 (18.5)	16 (17.4)

Values in parentheses are percentages.

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate survival analyses in gastric stump cancer patients

Variable	Univariate1	Multivariate2
	P value	HR	95%CI	P value
Age (yr) (≥ 65 vs < 65)	0.896
Sex ratio (male vs female)	0.302
Initial gastric disease (benign vs cancer)	0.443
Interval time from initial surgery (yr) (≥ 15 vs < 15)	0.428
Reconstruction of first operation (B-I vs B-II)	0.357
Regular follow-up (yes vs no)	0.004	1.332	0.539-3.287	0.535
Tumor size (mm) (≥ 40 vs < 40)	0.040	0.707	0.415-1.206	0.203
Location (anastomotic vs non-anastomotic)	0.857
Histology(differentiated vs undifferentiated)	0.005	0.470	0.212-1.038	0.062
Borrmann type (I-II vs III-IV)	0.001	3.165	1.055-9.500	0.040
Depth of invasion (T1-T2-T3 vs T4)	0.305
Lymph node involvement (NO vs≥ N1)	0.254
Presence of distant metastasis (M0 vs M1)	0.004
Stage (I-II vs III-IV)	0.002	0.603	0.323-1.124	0.111
Type of treatment (curative vs other treatments)	0.001	1.780	1.061-2.987	0.029

¹The Kaplan-Meier method, and significance was determined by the log-rank test;

²Multivariate survival analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazard models.