Impact of enteral nutrition on energy metabolism in patients with Crohn’s disease

Table 1 General information of patients among the three groups

	Group A (n = 21)	Group B (n = 19)	Group C (n = 21)	P value
Male (n)	15	12	16
Female (n)	6	7	5	0.83
Age (yr)	40.3 ± 12.6	39.6 ± 11.7	40.6 ± 14.0	0.97
BMI (kg/m2)	16.68 ± 2.21	17.96 ± 3.37	17.74 ± 2.90	0.31
CD type (n)
Ileal	8	6	9
Ileo-colonic	5	6	6
Colonic	8	7	6	0.88
Duration (yr)	2.41 ± 1.01	2.28 ± 1.22	2.33 ± 1.25	0.94

P-values were calculated by χ² test or one-way analysis of variance. Group A: Active phase in remission via enteral nutrition (EN); group B: Remained in active phase before and after EN; group C: In remission before and after EN. BMI: Body mass index; CD: Crohn’s disease.

Table 2 Comparison of body composition of patients with Crohn’s disease before and after enteral nutrition support for 4 wk (mean ± SD)

Index	Group A (n = 21)			Group B (n = 19)			Group C (n = 21)
	Before EN	After EN	P value	Before EN	After EN	P value	Before EN	After EN	P value
BMI (kg/m2)	16.68 ± 2.61	17.31 ± 2.55	0.013	17.96 ± 3.37	18.06 ± 2.61	0.92	17.74 ± 2.90	18.11 ± 2.76	0.67
SMM (kg)	22.11 ± 4.77	23.23 ± 4.49	0.044	21.62 ± 4.15	21.79 ± 4.36	0.90	22.29 ± 5.84	23.38 ± 4.52	0.50
Fat mass (kg)	4.80 ± 4.31	4.14 ± 3.35	0.260	8.53 ± 3.81	9.64 ± 3.92	0.38	8.06 ± 1.92	8.14 ± 1.75	0.89
Protein (kg)	8.01 ± 1.57	8.44 ± 1.45	0.019	7.87 ± 1.35	7.85 ± 1.47	0.96	7.21 ± 4.72	8.34 ± 4.66	0.44
Minerals(kg)	3.56 ± 2.12	3.61 ± 1.98	0.860	3.39 ± 2.50	3.31 ± 2.01	0.79	3.43 ± 3.10	3.49 ± 2.44	0.65
25(OH)D3 (ng/mL)	10.8 ± 4.8	12.3 ± 4.1	0.014	10.6 ± 3.9	12.0 ± 4.2	0.02	11.7 ± 4.3	12.2 ± 5.0	0.10

P-values were calculated by paired-samples t test. Group A: Active phase in remission via enteral nutrition (EN); group B: Remained in active phase before and after EN; group C: In remission before and after EN. BMI: Body mass index; SMM: Skeletal muscle mass.

Table 3 Comparison of inflammation indexes of patients with Crohn’s disease in active phase (groups A and B) before and after enteral nutrition support for 4 wk (mean ± SD)

Index	Group A (n = 21)			Group B (n = 19)			Active groups (A + B, n = 40)
	Before EN	After EN	P value	Before EN	After EN	P value	Before EN	After EN	P value
CRP (mg/L)	27.17 ± 31.60	10.37 ± 14.42	0.019	28.75 ± 16.29	16.30 ± 14.70	0.031	28.09 ± 31.21	10.00 ± 14.56	0.024
ESR (mm/h)	29.14 ± 15.12	16.25 ± 12.41	0.020	27.96 ± 16.88	20.12 ± 14.01	0.042	28.65 ± 17.35	18.30 ± 18.73	0.030
CDAI	239.21 ± 52.60	126.10 ± 33.21	0.013	226.18 ± 60.24	188.02 ± 49.33	0.045	230.93 ± 61.69	174.32 ± 68.52	0.044

P-values were calculated by paired-samples t test. CRP: C-reactive protein; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CDAI: Crohn’s disease activity index; EN: Enteral nutrition.