Esophageal dysphagia and reflux symptoms before and after oral IQoroR training

Table 1 Scores for various parameters at baseline (B) and at the end of training (E) with an IQoro^R screen

Parameter	Groups A and B		Group A		Group B		P value
	n = 43	P value (B vs E)	n = 21	P value (B vs E)	n = 22	P value (B vs E)	(group A vs group B)
Esophageal dysphagia (score 0-3)		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001	NS
B	2.5 (1-3)		2.5 (1-3)		2.5 (2-3)		NS
E	0.9 (0-2)		0.9 (0-2)		0.9 (0-2)		NS
Reflux (score 0-3)		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001	NS
B	1.7 (0-3)		2.0 (1-3)		1.4 (0-3)		NS
E	0.5 (0-3)		0.7 (0-2)		0.3 (0-1)		NS
Visual analogue scale (score 0-100)		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001
B	71 (30-100)		71 (30-100)		70 (30-100)
E	22 (0-50)		24 (0-50)		21 (0-50)
Lip force test (index ≥ 15 N)		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001
B	31(12-80)		26 (12-43)		39 (14-80)
E	54 (27-116)		49 (27-84)		64 (40-116)
Velopharyngeal closure test (index ≥ 10 s)		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001
B	28 (5-74)		26 (10-53)		29 (5-50)
E	34 (13-80)		32 (17-65)		36 (13-60)

Data are presented as mean (range); P values for comparisons between different parameters were determined using the Wilcoxon signed rank. P values for comparisons between groups A and B were determined using the Mann-Whitney U test. NS: Not significant.

Table 2 Esophageal high-resolution manometry measurements of pressure in the upper esophageal sphincter and hiatus canal during rest and traction with an IQoro^R screen in patients with hiatal hernia

Item	UES (n = 12)	Hiatus canal (n = 12)
Resting pressure (mmHg)	68 (40–110)	0 (0–0)
IQS traction (mmHg)	95 (80–130)	65 (20–100)

Data are presented as mean (range). IQS: IQoro^R screen; UES: Upper esophageal sphincter.