Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2015.
World J Gastroenterol. Apr 28, 2015; 21(16): 4925-4932
Published online Apr 28, 2015. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i16.4925
Table 1 Clinical data of patients with hepatobiliary complications of alveolar echinococcosis
CharacteristicFrequency
Symptoms1
Jaundice54.3%
Abdominal pain31.4%
Weight loss20.0%
Indication for intervention1
Cholestasis54.3%
Jaundice25.7%
Stenosis of biliary tract17.1%
Cholangitis11.4%
Intervention method1
ERCP + stent replacement82.9%
PTCD31.4%
ERCP without stent replacement22.9%
MRCP14.3%
Additional procedures1
Papillotomy68.8%
Dilatation of the bile ducts50.0%
Gallstone extraction25.0%
Types of stents
Plastic stent30.8%
Pigtail drainage7.7%
Metal stent3.9%
Percutaneous drainage3.9%
Transhepatic jejunal endless drainage3.9%
No data50.0%
Table 2 Hepatic function parameters in six patients with alveolar echinococcosis with hepatobiliary complications and intervention
ParameterFirst diagnosisInterventionPost-intervention
ALT, U/L109.0 ± 64.3169.0 ± 87.4118.5 ± 154.9
AST, U/L72.7 ± 50.0108.7 ± 41.966.7 ± 50.0
GGT, U/L301.3 ± 237.3393.3 ± 242.3227.3 ± 117.7
AP, U/L272.3 ± 134.8300.3 ± 75.5246.5 ± 95.5
Bilirubin, mmol/L101.3 ± 164.8147.1 ± 154.283.6 ± 89.8
Table 3 Hepatic function parameters in patients with and without hepatobiliary complications of alveolar echinococcosis and subsequent intervention at time of first diagnosis
ParameterHepatobiliary complications
P value
No (n = 148)Yes (n = 24)
ALT, U/L43.2 ± 73.659.8 ± 48.70.0035
AST, U/L29.3 ± 35.441.4 ± 35.50.0431
GGT, U/L94.4 ± 133.2186.4 ± 194.10.0005
AP, U/L123.8 ± 88.6200.3 ± 125.50.0016
Bilirubin, mmol/L9.8 ± 6.236.5 ± 86.70.0148
Table 4 Type of complications
ComplicationFrequency
During first intervention
Failure visualize bile ducts66.7%
Bleeding at the papilla of vater16.7%
Bile leakage16.7%
Within first week after intervention1
Pancreatitis41.7%
Cholangitis33.3%
Hemorrhage8.3%
Wound infection8.3%
Fistula formation8.3%
Bacteremia8.3%
Abdominal pain8.3%
Abscess information8.3%
Pneumoperitoneum8.3%