Basic Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2015.
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 7, 2015; 21(1): 196-213
Published online Jan 7, 2015. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i1.196
Table 1 Clinicopathologic characteristics of the 172 hepatocellular carcinoma patients n (%)
CharacteristicPatients
Gender
Male116 (67)
Female56 (33)
Age (yr)
≤ 5073 (42)
> 5099 (58)
Underlying liver disease
HBV133 (77)
Others39 (23)
Liver function (Child-Pugh classification)
Grade A157 (91)
Grade B11 (6)
Grade C4 (3)
Preoperative AFP level
≤ 200 ng/mL66 (38)
> 200 ng/mL90 (52)
Missing data16 (10)
Tumor size
≤ 8 cm116 (67)
> 8 cm51 (30)
Undetermined5 (3)
Tumor number
≤ 3157 (91)
> 315 (9)
Cirrhotic background
No39 (23)
Yes133 (77)
Macrovascular invasion
No149 (87)
Yes23 (13)
Tumor differentiation
G1/G2154 (90)
G310 (6)
Undetermined8 (4)
TNM stage
Stage I + II135 (78)
Stage III (IIIA+IIIB+IIIC)37 (22)
Table 2 Correlation between forkhead box protein M1 and E-cadherin expression and clinicopathological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma patients n (%)
VariablePatientsFOXM1 expression
P-valueE-cadherin expression
P-value
LowHighLowHigh
Gender
Male116 (67)48 (41)68 (59)0.18573 (63)43 (37)0.187
Female56 (33)17 (30)39 (70)29 (52)27 (48)
Age (yr)
≤ 5073 (42)24 (33)49 (67)0.27042 (58)31 (42)0.754
> 5099 (58)41 (41)58 (59)60 (61)39 (39)
Underlying liver disease
HBV133 (69)51 (38)82 (62)0.85280 (60)53 (40)0.713
Others39 (31)14 (36)25 (64)22 (56)17 (44)
Liver function (Child-Pugh classification)
Grade A157 (91)59 (38)98 (62)0.72093 (59)64 (41)0.913
Grade B11 (6)4 (36)7 (64)7 (64)4 (36)
Grade C4 (3)2 (50)2 (50)2 (50)2 (50)
Preoperative AFP level
≤ 200 ng/mL66 (42)19 (29)47 (71)0.09540 (61)26 (39)0.330
> 200 ng/mL90 (58)38 (42)52 (58)47 (52)43 (48)
Tumor size
≤ 8 cm116 (69)52 (45)64 (55)0.002a71 (61)45 (39)0.611
> 8 cm51 (31)10 (20)41 (80)29 (57)22 (43)
Tumor number
≤ 3157 (91)64 (40)93 (60)0.010a95 (61)62 (39)0.410
> 315 (9)1 (7)14 (93)7 (47)8 (53)
Cirrhotic background
No39 (23)11 (28)28 (72)0.19118 (46)21 (54)0.066
Yes133 (77)54 (41)79 (59)84 (63)49 (37)
Macrovascular invasion
No149 (87)63 (42)86 (58)0.002a82 (55)67 (45)0.003a
Yes23 (13)2 (9)21 (91)20 (87)3 (13)
Tumor differentiation
G1/G2154 (94)56 (34)98 (66)0.50287 (56)67 (44)0.047a
G310 (6)5 (80)5 (20)9 (90)1 (10)
TNM stage
Stage I + II135 (78)58 (43)77 (57)0.008a73 (53)62 (47)0.008a
Stage III (IIIA+IIIB+IIIC)37 (22)7 (19)30 (81)29 (78)8 (22)
Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses of factors associated with survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients
VariableP-value
Univariate analysis
Multivariate analysis
RFS P-valueOSRFS P-valueOS P-value
Gender (male vs female)0.1520.331--
Age ( ≤ 50 yr vs > 50 yr)0.4780.663--
Underlying disease (HBV vs others)0.4610.859--
Liver function (A/B vs C)0.7640.493--
Preoperative AFP level ( ≤ 200 ng/mL vs > 200 ng/mL)0.1790.228--
Tumor size ( ≤ 8 cm vs > 8 cm)< 0.002a0.012a0.1740.391
Tumor number ( ≤ 3 vs > 3)0.002a0.015a0.2280.348
Cirrhotic background (no vs yes)0.1720.373--
Macrovascular invasion (no vs yes)< 0.001a< 0.001a< 0.001a0.003a
Tumor differentiation (G1/G2 vs G3)0.1310.179--
TNM stage (I/II vs III)< 0.001a0.006a0.013a0.011a
FOXM1 expression (low vs high)0.004a0.007a0.012a0.008a