Addition of prokinetics to PPI therapy in gastroesophageal reflux disease: A meta-analysis

Table 1 Characteristics of the 12 randomized controlled trials included in this meta-analysis of the effects of combined prokinetic and proton pump inhibitor therapy in gastroesophageal reflux diseases n (%)

Ref.	Country	Participants (n)	Duration of study	Female	Age (yr)	BMI (kg/m2)
Vakil et al[23], 2013	United States	460	6 wk	254 (55.2)	44	28
Cho et al[24], 2013	South Korea	50	4 wk	26 (52.0)	46	21
Shaheen et al[28], 2013	United States	661	4 wk	376 (56.9)	48	28
Ndraha et al[29], 2011	Indonesia	60	2 wk	40 (66.7)	42	24
Hsu et al[2], 2010	Taiwan	96	8 wk	48 (50.0)	47	24
Boeckxstaens et al[22], 2011	United States	244	4 wk	82 (33.6)	50	27
Miwa et al[12], 2011	Japan	200	4 wk	120 (60.0)	52	22
Beaumont et al[27], 2009	United States	16	2 wk	8 (50.0)	54	Not reported
Madan et al[19], 2004	India	68	8 wk	23 (33.8)	35	Not reported
Smythe et al[30], 2003	United Kingdom	23	4 wk	3 (13.0)	62	Not reported
van Rensburg et al[25], 2001	United Kingdom	350	8 wk	213 (60.9)	47	28
Vigneri et al[26], 1995	Italy	175	12 mo	58 (33.1)	45	Not reported

Table 2 Symptom response in ten studies

Reference	Intervention	Combined therapy, improved/treated	Single therapy, improved/treated
Cho et al[24], 2013	Esomeprazole 40 mg/d + mosapride 30 mg tid	19/24	13/19
Hsu et al[2], 2010	Lansoprazole 30 mg/d + mosapride 5 mg tid	39/44	41/50
Madan et al[19], 2004	Pantoprazole 40 mg bid + mosapride 5 mg tid	25/28	23/33
Miwa et al[12], 2011	Omeprazole 10 mg/d+ mosapride 5 mg tid	45/97	42/95
van Rensburg et al[25], 2001	Pantoprazole 40 mg/d + cisapride 20 mg bid	120/173	129/177
Vigneri et al[26], 1995	Omeprazole 40 mg/d + cisapride 10 mg tid	31/35	28/35
Beaumont et al[27], 2009	PPI + baclofen 20 mg tid	4/12	6/12
Boeckxstaens et al[22], 2011	PPI + lesogaberan 65 mg bid	21/104	11/105
Shaheen et al[28], 2013	PPI + lesogaberan 60/120/180/240 mg bd	110/458	22/122
Vakil et al[23], 2013	PPI + baclofen 20/40/60 mg qd	110/240	21/54

PPIs: Proton pump inhibitors.