Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis as the initial manifestation of gastric adenocarcinoma: A case report

Table 1 Reported cases of gastric cancer that initially presented with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis alone

Ref.	Case (age/sex)	Gastroscopic classification	Histopathological stage	Involvement of other organs/tissues	Treatment	Survival from onset of initial symptoms
Present case	40/F	Bormann I	AdenocarcinomaPoor differentiationSignet cell type	No	No	4 mo
Deeb et al[12], 1997	53/M	Not classified2		No	Intraventricular MTX	> 6 mo
Braeuninger et al[9], 2005	68/M	Not classified2		Lymph nodes	Intrathecal chemotherapy	2 mo
Lee et al[10], 2007	49/F	Bormann IV		Lymphadenopathy	No	ND
Yamada et al[13], 2008	53/M	Bormann II		ND	Radiotherapy	4.23 mo (127 d)
Gdovinova et al[11], 2009; Case 1	40/F	ND		Lymphatic node, ovary, peritoneum, leptomeninges	No	2 mo
Gdovinova et al[11], 2009; Case 2	49/F	Not classified2		ND	Yes1	2 mo
Ohno et al[14], 2010	62/M	Not classified2		ND	Radiotherapy	3 mo (12 wk)

¹No further information was provided;

²Detailed description; Deeb et al[12] (1997): multiple round, thickened, raised lesions, encroaching on the lumen with loss of vascular pattern in the distal esophagus just proximal to the gastroesophageal junction. The stomach was non-distensible and involved by diffuse marked nodularity with overlying normal mucosa and prominence of the areae gastricae, mostly in the proximal body with few ulcerations in the distal body; Braeuninger et al[9] (2005): the primary tumor site was disclosed by oesophagogastroduodenoscopy, where an ulcer of 15 mm in diameter was observed in the distal stomach; Gdovinova et al[11] (2009): gastroscopy revealed a callous mediogastric ulcus as well as peptic ulcerations in the duodenal bulb; Ohno et al[14] (2010): a large type 3 gastric cancer at the greater curvature side of the middle body. M: Male; F: Female; ND: Not determined; MTX: Methotrexate.